{"id":351,"date":"2015-05-01T02:49:00","date_gmt":"2015-05-01T01:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=351"},"modified":"2015-06-01T11:49:09","modified_gmt":"2015-06-01T10:49:09","slug":"protidemokraticka-demokracie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/protidemokraticka-demokracie\/","title":{"rendered":"Protidemokratick\u00e1 demokracie"},"content":{"rendered":"

30.9.2014<\/span><\/p>\n

\u017dijeme v p\u0159eregulovan\u00e9 Evrop\u011b, v p\u0159eregulovan\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b a p\u0159eregulovan\u00fdch m\u011bstech.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Volen\u00ed politikov\u00e9 se p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed v tom, jak zp\u0159esn\u00ed z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy, jak zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed tresty a sankce, jak zavedou nov\u00e9 regulace, kde je\u0161t\u011b nebyly. Na prvn\u00ed pohled to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee to k n\u011b\u010demu povede. Ale po \u010dase se v\u017edy uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fd efekt nedostavil. Nefunguj\u00edc\u00ed regulace ale z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u00e1l v platnosti. Vl\u00e1da p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 tent\u00fd\u017e rok opakovan\u011b novelizaci t\u00e9ho\u017e z\u00e1kona s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee \u201enapravuje nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky p\u0159edchoz\u00ed novelizace\u201c. P\u0159edpisy se m\u011bn\u00ed tak \u010dasto, \u017ee ob\u010dan\u00e9 ji\u017e museli rezignovat na jejich dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b se p\u0159edpisy dodr\u017euj\u00ed, t\u00edm v\u00edce se politikov\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed zvy\u0161ovat tresty. Za\u010darovan\u00fd kolob\u011bh. P\u0159eregulace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din z\u00e1niku cel\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mezi z\u00e1konem a mor\u00e1lkou je toti\u017e nep\u0159ekonateln\u00e1 hranice a chyby se dopou\u0161t\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd politik, kter\u00fd chce mor\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed uz\u00e1konit. Jak by vypadala mor\u00e1lka odvozen\u00e1 z pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f? M\u016f\u017ee se kr\u00e1st, m\u016f\u017ee se vra\u017edit, m\u016f\u017ee se podv\u00e1d\u011bt, m\u016f\u017ee se \u0161kodit druh\u00fdm, jenom se p\u0159i tom nenechat chytit. Tak jsou postaven\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy \u2013 za stanoven\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed trest. Jak zn\u00e1mo, zlod\u011bje neodradilo ani usek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rukou za kr\u00e1de\u017e. Regulace postihuje ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f slu\u0161n\u00e9 lidi. Neslu\u0161n\u00ed lid\u00e9 jsou stejn\u011b rozhodnuti regulace nerespektovat, tak\u017ee je skoro jedno, jak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 jsou sankce.<\/p>\n

Pod\u00edvejme se na typick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad pokusu uz\u00e1konit slu\u0161nost: p\u0159ednost chodc\u016f na p\u0159echodech. Po zaveden\u00ed regulace zem\u0159elo na p\u0159echodech asi tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. Zbyte\u010dn\u011b. Slu\u0161nost a ohleduplnost se nezv\u00fd\u0161ila, dokonce naopak. Pokud byl ohledupln\u00fd \u0159idi\u010d v minulosti zvykl\u00fd nechat n\u011bkoho p\u0159ej\u00edt i mimo p\u0159echod, nyn\u00ed se vystavuje trouben\u00ed a mo\u017en\u00e1 i n\u00e1razu zezadu, proto\u017ee chodci jsou povinni doj\u00edt si na bl\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159echod. Podle z\u00e1kona je slu\u0161nost mimo p\u0159echody zak\u00e1zan\u00e1. Jsou zem\u011b, kde se chodec postav\u00ed kdekoli na kraji chodn\u00edku a prvn\u00ed \u0159idi\u010d mu s p\u0159\u00e1telskou veselou gestikulac\u00ed zastav\u00ed, aby mohl pohodln\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd z\u00e1kon mu to nep\u0159ikazuje, ale je to sou\u010d\u00e1st slu\u0161n\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Schv\u00e1len\u00ed p\u0159ednosti chodc\u016f trvalo jen malou chvilku, p\u0159ineslo zbyte\u010dnou smrt a slu\u0161nosti to nepomohlo. Pokud se ale v budoucnu n\u011bkdo rozhodne regulaci zru\u0161it, bude mu to trvat mnoho let. Okam\u017eit\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed by m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek dal\u0161\u00ed mrtv\u00e9. Ne\u017e se slu\u0161nost vr\u00e1t\u00ed alespo\u0148 na onu nevalnou \u00farove\u0148, jakou jsme m\u011bli p\u0159ed t\u00edm, uplyne \u0159ada let. Proto\u017ee je deregulace n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pracn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a zdlouhav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e regulace, m\u016f\u017eeme na p\u0159eregulaci krut\u011b doplatit. Proto tak\u00e9 zd\u00e1nliv\u011b humorn\u00e9 euronesmysly v\u016fbec nejsou k sm\u00edchu. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee ryb\u00ed pol\u00e9vku z akv\u00e1ria m\u00e1te za chvilku, ale akv\u00e1rium z ryb\u00ed pol\u00e9vky a\u017e za miliony let.<\/p>\n

Slu\u0161nost a mor\u00e1lka je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e regulace. Slu\u0161n\u00ed lid\u00e9 nekradou ne proto, \u017ee by se b\u00e1li trestu, ale nekradli by, ani kdyby jim \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd trest nehrozil. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed politikov\u00e9 si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee je jejich posl\u00e1n\u00edm vychov\u00e1vat druh\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159edpis\u016f. Jin\u00ed spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na to, \u017ee a\u017e si jednou zvol\u00edme spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 politiky, zavedou slu\u0161n\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Chra\u0148 B\u016fh p\u0159ed takov\u00fdm uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm. Mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1sady maj\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 po\u017eadovat po politic\u00edch. Politik nikdy nesm\u00ed ovliv\u0148ovat mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1sady. Od politika se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 mor\u00e1lka odvodit ned\u00e1, i kdyby to byl slu\u0161n\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk. St\u00e1t nesm\u00ed vychov\u00e1vat ob\u010dany, ale m\u011bl by umo\u017enit, aby mor\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1sady p\u0159ed\u00e1vali rodi\u010de d\u011btem. St\u00e1t m\u00e1 respektovat a chr\u00e1nit svobodu ob\u010dan\u016f. Politikov\u00e9 by si m\u011bli d\u00e1vat velk\u00fd pozor, zda sv\u00fdmi regulacemi nepostihuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pr\u00e1v\u011b ty slu\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Posl\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f a zastupitel\u016f nen\u00ed vym\u00fd\u0161let nov\u00e9 regulace, jejich \u00fakolem je minimalizovat zm\u011bny p\u0159edpis\u016f. Jejich hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem m\u00e1 b\u00fdt nedovolit exekutiv\u011b, aby m\u011bnila p\u0159edpisy. Maj\u00ed zm\u011bn\u00e1m br\u00e1nit, ne je podn\u011bcovat. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 si je zvolili proto, aby h\u00e1jili jejich z\u00e1jmy proti vl\u00e1d\u011b. To plat\u00ed i pro koali\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1stupce \u2013 m\u011bli by z vl\u00e1dn\u00edho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vy\u0161krtat v\u0161e, s \u010d\u00edm jejich voli\u010di nesouhlas\u00ed. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nen\u00ed p\u011btilet\u00fd pl\u00e1n, aby se m\u011blo plnit. Proto musela padnout Ne\u010dasova vl\u00e1da, proto\u017ee prosadila restituce, s jejich\u017e podobou t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny n\u00e1roda nesouhlas\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Aby se politikov\u00e9 nau\u010dili skute\u010dn\u011b naslouchat voli\u010d\u016fm, vymysleli ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prvek p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 demokracie \u2013 lidov\u00e9 veto. Kdy\u017e politikov\u00e9 rozhodnou \u0161patn\u011b, ob\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1chrannou brzdu, za kterou zat\u00e1hnou posb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm stanoven\u00e9ho po\u010dtu podpis\u016f a lidov\u00fdm hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm. A kdy\u017e se v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prok\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee z\u00e1stupci voli\u010d\u016f neh\u00e1j\u00ed jejich z\u00e1jmy a mus\u00ed zpravidla odstoupit.<\/p>\n

Volen\u00ed z\u00e1stupci u n\u00e1s zradili ob\u010dany a h\u00e1j\u00ed z\u00e1jmy exekutivy proti lidem. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 instituce p\u0159est\u00e1vaj\u00ed plnit sv\u00e9 funkce. Na\u0161e Listina pr\u00e1v v \u010dl. 23 s takov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1: ob\u010dan\u00e9 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na odpor proti takov\u00fdm politik\u016fm. Nedemokratick\u00e1 demokracie neskon\u010d\u00ed sama od sebe. Nem\u00e1m r\u00e1d revolu\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bny, ale za\u010darovan\u00fd kolob\u011bh m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit pouze radik\u00e1ln\u00ed odpor ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

30.9.2014 \u017dijeme v p\u0159eregulovan\u00e9 Evrop\u011b, v p\u0159eregulovan\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b a p\u0159eregulovan\u00fdch m\u011bstech. Volen\u00ed politikov\u00e9 se p\u0159edh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed v tom, jak zp\u0159esn\u00ed z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy, jak zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed tresty a sankce, jak zavedou nov\u00e9… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,13,16],"tags":[6,18],"class_list":["post-351","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","category-dompol","category-svobodni","tag-dompol","tag-svobodi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":705,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351\/revisions\/705"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}