{"id":3032,"date":"2026-02-24T08:21:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:21:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=3032"},"modified":"2026-02-24T08:21:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:21:39","slug":"dvoustatni-reseni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/dvoustatni-reseni\/","title":{"rendered":"Dvoust\u00e1tn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n

25.9.2025<\/span><\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj izraelsko \u2013 palestinsk\u00e9ho konfliktu d\u00e1v\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f i na na\u0161e d\u011bjiny. <\/span><\/p>\n

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V interpretaci na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed minulosti se donekone\u010dna opakuje, jak Masaryk v roce 1918 vyjednal vznik \u010ceskoslovenska. L\u00e9ta prob\u00edhal dramatick\u00fd boj mezi t\u011bmi, kdo tvrdili, \u017ee o nez\u00e1vislost na\u0161eho st\u00e1tu se hlavn\u00ed m\u011brou zaslou\u017eil Alois Ra\u0161\u00edn, a mezi propagandou, kter\u00e1 tvrdila, \u017ee zakladatelem byl Masaryk. Ten toti\u017e tvrdil, \u017ee samostatnost byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena 18.10.1918 t\u00edm, \u017ee doru\u010dil do B\u00edl\u00e9ho domu takzvanou Washingtonskou deklaraci psanou v angli\u010dtin\u011b, byla reakc\u00ed na nab\u00eddku p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed, kterou u\u010dinil c\u00edsa\u0159 Karel I. dne 6.10.1918 v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm manifestu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ponech\u00e1m-li stranou podivnost, \u017ee by nez\u00e1vislost \u010ceskoslovenska m\u011bla b\u00fdt vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v angli\u010dtin\u011b, spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 prvn\u00ed probl\u00e9m takov\u00e9ho tvrzen\u00ed v tom, \u017ee text byl doru\u010den pozd\u011b, tedy v dob\u011b, kdy americk\u00e1 diplomacie u\u017e odeslala ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f do V\u00eddn\u011b, tak\u017ee Masaryk\u016fv text prokazateln\u011b naprosto v\u016fbec nic neovlivnil.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je Masarykovo a Bene\u0161ovo tvrzen\u00ed o vzniku nov\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu pochybn\u00e9 z toho d\u016fvodu, \u017ee nez\u00e1vislost m\u00e1 b\u00fdt odvozov\u00e1na od rozhodnut\u00ed jin\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. To je p\u0159ece protimluv, samostatnost nem\u016f\u017ee vzniknout z rozhodnut\u00ed n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho, proto\u017ee pak to nen\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost, ale naopak je to vznik z\u00e1visl\u00e9ho subjektu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed a deklarace \u010dehokoli si m\u016f\u017ee vyd\u00e1vat kdekdo, jejich v\u00fdznam se d\u00e1 posoudit jedin\u011b podle toho, zda n\u011bco zp\u016fsobila. Nap\u0159\u00edklad kn\u011bz a tehdej\u0161\u00ed poslanec Isidor Zahradn\u00edk tak\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1sil v Praze na V\u00e1clavsk\u00e9m n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed 28. \u0159\u00edjna 1918 samostatnost, a p\u0159esto jeho vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed neznamenalo v\u016fbec nic.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Skute\u010dn\u00fdm zakladatelem st\u00e1tu byl Alois Ra\u0161\u00edn, kter\u00fd m\u011bl p\u0159ipraven\u00fd pl\u00e1n, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed jak promy\u0161len\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed postup, tak faktick\u00e9 kroky, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat k p\u0159evzet\u00ed moci. Vyhl\u00e1sil nez\u00e1vislost, p\u0159evzal ve\u0159ejnou spr\u00e1vu, ozn\u00e1mil to v m\u00e9di\u00edch, nez\u00e1visle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il tuto informaci po cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ob\u011btav\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f Sokola, kte\u0159\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu rozeslali \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edm telegrafem do m\u00edst, kde byla zast\u00e1vka a odtamtud b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 sokolsk\u00e9 spojky \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily zpr\u00e1vu do dal\u0161\u00edch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch obc\u00ed. Uniformovan\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 Sokola vytvo\u0159ili ji\u017e druh\u00fd den provizorn\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dkovou a v\u00fdkonnou s\u00edlu nov\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Prvn\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed faktick\u00e9 existence nov\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu prob\u011bhlo 29. 10. 1918, kdy\u017e \u0159\u00ed\u0161sko-n\u011bmeck\u00fd konzul po\u017e\u00e1dal o sly\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edm v\u00fdborem, tedy nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm vrcholn\u00fdm org\u00e1nem svrchovan\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd t\u00e9ho\u017e dne p\u0159evzal moc od p\u0159edsednictva, kter\u00e9 vydalo deklaraci nez\u00e1vislosti den p\u0159edem. Konzul vyslovil podiv nad uk\u00e1zn\u011bnost\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho lidu a pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed nad vl\u00eddn\u00fdm p\u0159ijet\u00edm. Nesta\u010d\u00ed st\u00e1t vyhl\u00e1sit, st\u00e1t vznik\u00e1 a\u017e p\u0159evzet\u00edm ve\u0161ker\u00e9 moci na dan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Podrobnosti https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/3\u00d7S43787\/Spor.htm<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed lze tak\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zat na vznik Jugosl\u00e1vie, kter\u00e1 nem\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho Masaryka, kter\u00fd by jej\u00ed vznik n\u011bjak z\u00e1kulisn\u011b p\u0159edjedn\u00e1val, a p\u0159esto vznikla jako nez\u00e1visl\u00fd st\u00e1t, i kdy\u017e mo\u017en\u00e1 kostrbat\u011bji. P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed jist\u011b m\u016f\u017ee vzniku napomoci, ale vznik nenahrad\u00ed a ani nezp\u016fsob\u00ed. A stejn\u011b tak odpov\u011b\u010f na takov\u00e9 vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed nenahrazuje vznik st\u00e1tu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed hnut\u00ed vyhla\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed existence st\u00e1tu Palestina se d\u00e1 pova\u017eovat za empirick\u00e9 vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed tohoto na\u0161eho sporu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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J\u00e1sir Arafat vyhl\u00e1sil 15. listopadu 1988 z exilu st\u00e1t Palestina. Bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po tomto vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed uznalo existenci Palestinsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu 114 zem\u00ed, n\u00e1sledn\u011b pak postupn\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch dvacet zem\u00ed, mezi nimi Austr\u00e1lie, Francie, Kanada, Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, \u0160pan\u011blsko.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ukazuje se, \u017ee ani Arafatovo prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ani uzn\u00e1n\u00ed mnoha st\u00e1ty, nen\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e, co vznik st\u00e1tu. Pokud t\u011bm zem\u00edm, kter\u00e9 Palestinu uznaly, na faktick\u00e9m vzniku st\u00e1tu tak z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, mohly by si pozvat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b pades\u00e1t tis\u00edc perspektivn\u00edch tamn\u00edch osobnost\u00ed (to je po\u010det nutn\u00fd pro existenci st\u00e1tu), poskytnout jim vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a nau\u010dit je demokratick\u00fdm zp\u016fsob\u016fm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00edm umo\u017en\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9 dvoust\u00e1tn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. A pokud des\u00edtky let nic takov\u00e9ho ned\u011blaj\u00ed, d\u00e1 se to ch\u00e1pat tak, \u017ee uzn\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu bylo jen alibistick\u00fdm pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdm gestem.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme konstatovat, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 spor o den nez\u00e1vislosti je vy\u0159e\u0161en.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

25.9.2025 Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdvoj izraelsko \u2013 palestinsk\u00e9ho konfliktu d\u00e1v\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f i na na\u0161e d\u011bjiny.  V interpretaci na\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00ed minulosti se donekone\u010dna opakuje, jak Masaryk v roce 1918 vyjednal vznik \u010ceskoslovenska. L\u00e9ta prob\u00edhal dramatick\u00fd… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3032"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3032\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3035,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3032\/revisions\/3035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}