![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-content\/uploads\/UN.jpg\")
<\/a><\/h6>\n\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Pozorujete, jak se OSN vytr\u00e1c\u00ed z mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f? Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem, na kter\u00e9m st\u00e1l syst\u00e9m spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, byl odvozen od v\u00fdsledk\u016f posledn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo se, \u017ee v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 mocnosti budou natolik zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9, rozv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, mor\u00e1ln\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 a oddan\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1v\u016fm, \u017ee jim lze sv\u011b\u0159it odpov\u011bdnost za udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. Z\u00edskaly proto st\u00e1l\u00e9 m\u00edsto v Rad\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti OSN. Za hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu v\u00e1lek se tehdy pova\u017eovala \u00fazemn\u00ed agrese \u2013 tedy situace, kdy st\u00e1t vojenskou silou obsad\u00ed ciz\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. \u00dakolem velmoc\u00ed bylo zajistit, aby k takov\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nedoch\u00e1zelo. Tento princip se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b obch\u00e1zel konceptem \u201esf\u00e9r vlivu\u201c<\/em>, jak to \u00fadajn\u011b formuloval Bre\u017en\u011bv: \u201eSiln\u00e9 st\u00e1ty d\u011blaj\u00ed, co cht\u011bj\u00ed, slab\u00e9 st\u00e1ty d\u011blaj\u00ed, co mus\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\nTato hra skon\u010dila po ukon\u010den\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Leckdo se domn\u00edval, \u017ee nast\u00e1v\u00e1 doba, kdy se budou st\u00e1ty svobodn\u011b rozhodovat samy podle sv\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f. Snad to n\u011bjakou dobu platilo, ale u\u017e to neplat\u00ed. V roce 2014 do\u0161lo k z\u00e1sadn\u00edmu zlomu. \u00dazemn\u00ed agrese Rusk\u00e9 federace proti Ukrajin\u011b ot\u0159\u00e1sla sv\u011btov\u00fdm po\u0159\u00e1dkem zalo\u017een\u00fdm na Chart\u011b OSN. Jestli\u017ee jeden z garant\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti pou\u017eije s\u00edlu k anexi ciz\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed, nelze nad\u00e1le v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdm mocnostem d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat. Henry Kissinger tehdy varoval, \u017ee pokud nikomu nestoj\u00ed za to br\u00e1nit existuj\u00edc\u00ed pravidla, sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d se zhrout\u00ed. A tehdej\u0161\u00ed politikov\u00e9 zbab\u011ble nic neud\u011blali, jednotn\u00ed v bezradnosti. Z\u00e1nik mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du ov\u0161em nenast\u00e1v\u00e1 ze dne na den. Trvalo dal\u0161\u00edch osm let, ne\u017e Rusk\u00e1 federace op\u011bt s\u00e1hla k \u00fazemn\u00ed agresi.<\/p>\n
Kdy\u017e p\u0159estanou platit mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pravidla, plat\u00ed pouze pr\u00e1vo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho. Pokud hroz\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situace, vyvozuj\u00ed z toho siln\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jedin\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br: je t\u0159eba preventivn\u011b silou eliminovat velk\u00e1 rizika d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se napln\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Jestli\u017ee se napl\u0148uj\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se velk\u00e9m konfliktu, a pokud NATO tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se mus\u00edme urychlen\u011b p\u0159ipravit na rozs\u00e1hlou, desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed konfrontaci a \u017ee mus\u00edme nyn\u00ed v dob\u011b, kdy se je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00e1l\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u00e1le\u010dnou produkci zbran\u00ed, pak nov\u00e1 situace bez pravidel mnoh\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti vysv\u011btluje.<\/p>\n
Zm\u011bny v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku symbolicky zn\u00e1zornil izraelsk\u00fd velvyslanec p\u0159i OSN Gilad Erdan, kdy\u017e demonstrativn\u011b skartoval Chartu OSN.<\/p>\n
Kdy\u017e jedna z mocnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla pravidla h\u00e1jit, p\u0159estane tato pravidla respektovat, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se to nebezpe\u010dn\u011b naka\u017eliv\u00fdm. Kdy\u017e nedodr\u017euje pravidla jeden, pro\u010d by je m\u011bl dodr\u017eovat kdokoli jin\u00fd? P\u0159\u00edkladem je zni\u010den\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na produkci jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed v \u00cdr\u00e1nu \u201ep\u016flno\u010dn\u00edm kladivem\u201c. Pokud u\u017e nefunguje OSN, pln\u011b to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 nov\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Slab\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm z toho plyne jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 ponau\u010den\u00ed: okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u00e1le\u010dnou v\u00fdrobu a zbrojit proti bezohlednosti mocn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n
Pro teoretiky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f z toho plyne \u00fakol navrhnout nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti pro obdob\u00ed po odezn\u011bn\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad by se dalo uva\u017eovat o tom, \u017ee na podobn\u00e9m principu, jako jsou antimonopoln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, by se velmoci rozd\u011blily na men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, nebo by byly pod mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kontrolou. M\u00edsto dosavadn\u00edho valn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed OSN by mohl fungovat dvoukomorov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Rada bezpe\u010dnosti by mohla b\u00fdt nahrazena dv\u011bma org\u00e1ny \u2013 v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm a soudn\u00edm \u2013 kter\u00e9 by odr\u00e1\u017eely d\u011blbu moci.<\/p>\n
A kone\u010dn\u011b \u2013 m\u00edrotvorci by si m\u011bli p\u0159iznat jedno: pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed omezovat zbrojen\u00ed, mus\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 otev\u0159en\u011b \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed omezit st\u00e1tn\u00ed suverenitu. Slab\u00e9 st\u00e1ty toti\u017e d\u011blaj\u00ed to, co mus\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
24. 6. 2025 Najednou jsme se ocitli ve zcela nov\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edm kontextu. Je jin\u00fd ne\u017e ten dosavadn\u00ed, vypad\u00e1 chaoticky, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1konitosti se ji\u017e daj\u00ed odhadnout. Pozorujete,… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2939"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2942,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939\/revisions\/2942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/p>\n
Pozorujete, jak se OSN vytr\u00e1c\u00ed z mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f? Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem, na kter\u00e9m st\u00e1l syst\u00e9m spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, byl odvozen od v\u00fdsledk\u016f posledn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo se, \u017ee v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 mocnosti budou natolik zdr\u017eenliv\u00e9, rozv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9, mor\u00e1ln\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 a oddan\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1v\u016fm, \u017ee jim lze sv\u011b\u0159it odpov\u011bdnost za udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. Z\u00edskaly proto st\u00e1l\u00e9 m\u00edsto v Rad\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti OSN. Za hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu v\u00e1lek se tehdy pova\u017eovala \u00fazemn\u00ed agrese \u2013 tedy situace, kdy st\u00e1t vojenskou silou obsad\u00ed ciz\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. \u00dakolem velmoc\u00ed bylo zajistit, aby k takov\u00e9mu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nedoch\u00e1zelo. Tento princip se \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b obch\u00e1zel konceptem \u201esf\u00e9r vlivu\u201c<\/em>, jak to \u00fadajn\u011b formuloval Bre\u017en\u011bv: \u201eSiln\u00e9 st\u00e1ty d\u011blaj\u00ed, co cht\u011bj\u00ed, slab\u00e9 st\u00e1ty d\u011blaj\u00ed, co mus\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n Tato hra skon\u010dila po ukon\u010den\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Leckdo se domn\u00edval, \u017ee nast\u00e1v\u00e1 doba, kdy se budou st\u00e1ty svobodn\u011b rozhodovat samy podle sv\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f. Snad to n\u011bjakou dobu platilo, ale u\u017e to neplat\u00ed. V roce 2014 do\u0161lo k z\u00e1sadn\u00edmu zlomu. \u00dazemn\u00ed agrese Rusk\u00e9 federace proti Ukrajin\u011b ot\u0159\u00e1sla sv\u011btov\u00fdm po\u0159\u00e1dkem zalo\u017een\u00fdm na Chart\u011b OSN. Jestli\u017ee jeden z garant\u016f glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti pou\u017eije s\u00edlu k anexi ciz\u00edho \u00fazem\u00ed, nelze nad\u00e1le v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdm mocnostem d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat. Henry Kissinger tehdy varoval, \u017ee pokud nikomu nestoj\u00ed za to br\u00e1nit existuj\u00edc\u00ed pravidla, sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d se zhrout\u00ed. A tehdej\u0161\u00ed politikov\u00e9 zbab\u011ble nic neud\u011blali, jednotn\u00ed v bezradnosti. Z\u00e1nik mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du ov\u0161em nenast\u00e1v\u00e1 ze dne na den. Trvalo dal\u0161\u00edch osm let, ne\u017e Rusk\u00e1 federace op\u011bt s\u00e1hla k \u00fazemn\u00ed agresi.<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e p\u0159estanou platit mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pravidla, plat\u00ed pouze pr\u00e1vo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edho. Pokud hroz\u00ed zhor\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed situace, vyvozuj\u00ed z toho siln\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jedin\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br: je t\u0159eba preventivn\u011b silou eliminovat velk\u00e1 rizika d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se napln\u00ed.<\/p>\n Jestli\u017ee se napl\u0148uj\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed o bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se velk\u00e9m konfliktu, a pokud NATO tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se mus\u00edme urychlen\u011b p\u0159ipravit na rozs\u00e1hlou, desetilet\u00ed trvaj\u00edc\u00ed konfrontaci a \u017ee mus\u00edme nyn\u00ed v dob\u011b, kdy se je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00e1l\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u00e1le\u010dnou produkci zbran\u00ed, pak nov\u00e1 situace bez pravidel mnoh\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti vysv\u011btluje.<\/p>\n Zm\u011bny v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku symbolicky zn\u00e1zornil izraelsk\u00fd velvyslanec p\u0159i OSN Gilad Erdan, kdy\u017e demonstrativn\u011b skartoval Chartu OSN.<\/p>\n Kdy\u017e jedna z mocnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla pravidla h\u00e1jit, p\u0159estane tato pravidla respektovat, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se to nebezpe\u010dn\u011b naka\u017eliv\u00fdm. Kdy\u017e nedodr\u017euje pravidla jeden, pro\u010d by je m\u011bl dodr\u017eovat kdokoli jin\u00fd? P\u0159\u00edkladem je zni\u010den\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na produkci jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed v \u00cdr\u00e1nu \u201ep\u016flno\u010dn\u00edm kladivem\u201c. Pokud u\u017e nefunguje OSN, pln\u011b to odpov\u00edd\u00e1 nov\u00e9mu glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n Slab\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm z toho plyne jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 ponau\u010den\u00ed: okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ej\u00edt na v\u00e1le\u010dnou v\u00fdrobu a zbrojit proti bezohlednosti mocn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n Pro teoretiky mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch vztah\u016f z toho plyne \u00fakol navrhnout nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti pro obdob\u00ed po odezn\u011bn\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad by se dalo uva\u017eovat o tom, \u017ee na podobn\u00e9m principu, jako jsou antimonopoln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, by se velmoci rozd\u011blily na men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, nebo by byly pod mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kontrolou. M\u00edsto dosavadn\u00edho valn\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed OSN by mohl fungovat dvoukomorov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Rada bezpe\u010dnosti by mohla b\u00fdt nahrazena dv\u011bma org\u00e1ny \u2013 v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm a soudn\u00edm \u2013 kter\u00e9 by odr\u00e1\u017eely d\u011blbu moci.<\/p>\n A kone\u010dn\u011b \u2013 m\u00edrotvorci by si m\u011bli p\u0159iznat jedno: pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed omezovat zbrojen\u00ed, mus\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 otev\u0159en\u011b \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee cht\u011bj\u00ed omezit st\u00e1tn\u00ed suverenitu. Slab\u00e9 st\u00e1ty toti\u017e d\u011blaj\u00ed to, co mus\u00ed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 24. 6. 2025 Najednou jsme se ocitli ve zcela nov\u00e9m glob\u00e1ln\u00edm kontextu. Je jin\u00fd ne\u017e ten dosavadn\u00ed, vypad\u00e1 chaoticky, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00e1konitosti se ji\u017e daj\u00ed odhadnout. Pozorujete,… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2939"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2942,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2939\/revisions\/2942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}