{"id":2688,"date":"2024-03-02T15:24:29","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T14:24:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=2688"},"modified":"2024-03-02T15:24:29","modified_gmt":"2024-03-02T14:24:29","slug":"nulova-tolerance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/nulova-tolerance\/","title":{"rendered":"Nulov\u00e1 tolerance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

2.3.2024<\/span><\/p>\n

Demokratick\u00fd politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na spravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei politick\u00fdch filosofi\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee mezi nimi nelze naj\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dnou privilegovanou, kter\u00e1 by byla ostatn\u00edm nad\u0159azen\u00e1, jinak \u0159e\u010deno, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla m\u00edt \u201evedouc\u00ed \u00falohu ve spole\u010dnosti\u201c <\/em>[1]<\/a>. A z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich principi\u00e1ln\u011b nen\u00ed schopna obs\u00e1hnout v\u0161echny z\u00e1le\u017eitosti, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z nich nen\u00ed \u201e\u00fapln\u00e1\u201c<\/em>. Kolektivn\u00ed dobro nen\u00ed jen jedno, je pluralitn\u00ed, jsou jich des\u00edtky a stovky, mo\u017en\u00e1 tis\u00edce. Co je pro jednoho dobr\u00e9, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro druh\u00e9ho zl\u00e9. Co je pro jednoho prioritn\u00ed, to je pro jin\u00e9 nepodstatn\u00e9. Ve volb\u00e1ch si vyb\u00edr\u00e1me filosofii [2]<\/a>, kter\u00e1 se bude pou\u017e\u00edvat ve stanoven\u00e9m obdob\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bch ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed expertn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kde je t\u0159eba politicky rozhodnout [3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u00dakolem demokratick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je minimalizovat nap\u011bt\u00ed, redukovat nespokojenost ve spole\u010dnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed je drah\u00e9. Konsensu\u00e1ln\u00ed spole\u010dnost prosperuje. Politikov\u00e9 maj\u00ed m\u00edt denn\u011b p\u0159ed o\u010dima, \u017ee mus\u00ed hledat takov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou p\u0159ijateln\u00e1 pro co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st spole\u010dnosti. \u010casto to nakonec vypad\u00e1 jako kompromis. Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku se dokonce mluv\u00ed o \u201ekonkordan\u010dn\u00ed\u201c<\/em> demokracii. Slovo \u201ekonkordan\u010dn\u00ed\u201c<\/em> poch\u00e1z\u00ed z latinsk\u00e9ho con<\/em> = spolu a cor<\/em> = srdce. Hledaj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 srdcem podpo\u0159\u00ed maximum obyvatel. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee nesta\u010d\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina jednoho hlasu nebo jednoho procenta. Diskuse nekon\u010d\u00ed prosazen\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, ale a\u017e teprve tehdy, kdy\u017e je ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee u\u017e nelze z\u00edskat dal\u0161\u00ed podporu ve\u0159ejnosti, \u017ee u\u017e neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 men\u0161ina, kter\u00e1 by byla v \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u011b p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eena. V parlamentn\u00edm hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed se to projevuje t\u0159eba dvout\u0159etinovou v\u011bt\u0161inou a tak\u00e9 absenc\u00ed legislativn\u00edho sp\u011bchu \u2013 z\u00e1kony se projedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed roky, aby m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd dost \u010dasu a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed probrat t\u00e9ma se sv\u00fdm volen\u00fdm parlament\u00e1\u0159em [4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pr\u00e1v\u011b aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m \u010dty\u0159 procent stejnopohlavn\u00edch p\u00e1r\u016f. Maj\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi procenty katol\u00edk\u016f? M\u00e1 m\u00edt rovnost p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed respektem k n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9mu vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed? M\u00e1 p\u0159ednost n\u011bkolikatis\u00edcilet\u00e1 tradice, nebo revolu\u010dn\u00ed nad\u0161en\u00ed? \u00dakolem parlamentu nen\u00ed naj\u00edt kompromis, se kter\u00fdm jsou v\u0161ichni nespokojeni, diskuse mus\u00ed trvat tak dlouho, a\u017e se najde \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nevad\u00ed ani jedn\u00e9 z dot\u010den\u00fdch men\u0161in. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b takov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed existuje, ale m\u00e9dia neposkytla dostatek prostoru, aby se o n\u011bm ve\u0159ejnost dozv\u011bd\u011bla. N\u00e1\u0161 Parlament nediskutuje o politice, diskutuje o z\u00e1konech. Kreativn\u00ed diskusi jsme m\u011bli v politice naposledy v devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Jin\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt regulace chovu ps\u016f ve m\u011bstech, tak\u00e9 m\u00e1 stejn\u00fd po\u010det zast\u00e1nc\u016f i odp\u016frc\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u00dastava v \u010dl\u00e1nku 5 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201ePolitick\u00fd syst\u00e9m je zalo\u017een na svobodn\u00e9m a dobrovoln\u00e9m vzniku a voln\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei politick\u00fdch stran respektuj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1kladn\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 principy a odm\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1sil\u00ed jako prost\u0159edek k prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Demokratick\u00e9 politick\u00e9 strany sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed v p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, nikoli ve zv\u00fdraz\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f. Opozice se sna\u017e\u00ed prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee um\u00ed vymyslet, napsat, p\u0159edlo\u017eit a od\u016fvodnit n\u00e1vrhy, kter\u00e9 jsou lep\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e co navrhuje koalice, \u017ee um\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 kvalitn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy domluvit podporu i navzdory opozi\u010dn\u00ed nev\u00fdhod\u011b. To je kvalifikace k tomu, aby p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b takov\u00e1 opozice vyhr\u00e1la volby. Sout\u011b\u017en\u00ed discipl\u00ednou je schopnost navrhnout a domluvit takov\u00fd kompromis, kter\u00fd sni\u017euje nap\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b existuje druh\u00e1 mo\u017enost opozi\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e1 nep\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vytvo\u0159\u00ed takov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed, \u017ee je spole\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed v jak\u00e9koli oblasti nemo\u017en\u00e9. Kdysi to u n\u00e1s vyj\u00e1d\u0159il jeden nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 inteligentn\u00ed politik politikou \u201enulov\u00e9 tolerance\u201c<\/em> – nap\u011bt\u00ed rostlo p\u0159ed volbami i po volb\u00e1ch a doty\u010dn\u00fd politik nakonec skon\u010dil nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 d\u016fstojn\u011b zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd \u010deskou politiku hodn\u011b po\u0161kodil. A jeho pokus o n\u00e1vrat jenom prok\u00e1zal, \u017ee si to \u010desk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost pamatuje.<\/p>\n

Podobnou situaci m\u00e1me i nyn\u00ed. Obstruk\u010dn\u00ed praktiky vystra\u0161ily obyvatelstvo natolik, \u017ee se mus\u00ed ob\u00e1vat nejhor\u0161\u00edho a v d\u016fsledku toho na\u0161e dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159eba stagnuje, ob\u010dan\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed za nutn\u00e9 \u0161et\u0159it. D\u016fsledkem aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201enulov\u00e9 tolerance\u201c<\/em> hnut\u00ed ANO je pokles \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b a to dokonce i jejich voli\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sil\u00ed se p\u00e1ch\u00e1 nejen se zbran\u00ed v ruce v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b, ale i v r\u00e1mci politick\u00e9ho soupe\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i diskus\u00edch v Parlamentu. Revolu\u010dn\u00ed strany vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z axiomu, \u017ee je t\u0159eba co nejv\u00edce zvy\u0161ovat nap\u011bt\u00ed, vyvol\u00e1vat spory a konflikty, komplikovat nalezen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Poru\u0161uj\u00ed \u00dastavu. Doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee nastane revoluce, n\u011bjak\u00fd p\u0159evrat. A p\u0159evrat neznamen\u00e1 st\u0159\u00edlen\u00ed z \u201eAuroury\u201c, p\u0159evratem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed takov\u00e9 krize, kter\u00e1 zablokuje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f. Revolu\u010dn\u00ed politika je typick\u00e1 pro marxistick\u00e9 strany. Kdy\u017e nebude po na\u0161em, tak uvid\u00edte! Klement Gottwald to vystihl mistrn\u011b: \u201eBudeme \u0161tv\u00e1t hladov\u00e9 d\u011bln\u00edky proti fabrikant\u016fm, domk\u00e1\u0159e proti velkostatk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, voj\u00e1ky proti gener\u00e1l\u016fm.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159ed lety se v m\u00e9di\u00edch objevila tato v\u011bta: \u201eNulov\u00e1 tolerance \u010di obstrukce nemohou b\u00fdt uplat\u0148ov\u00e1ny dlouhodob\u011b, jinak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k paralyzov\u00e1n\u00ed Parlamentu, pota\u017emo i vl\u00e1dy, a k oslabov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry ve\u0159ejnosti v politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m jako takov\u00fd.\u201c <\/em>[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Atmosf\u00e9ra nulov\u00e9 tolerance n\u00e1s u\u017e jednou p\u0159ivedla k politick\u00e9mu patu, \u010desk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost m\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b historick\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed dob\u0159e vycvi\u010den\u00fd instinkt za takov\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed dokonale vyv\u00e1\u017eit podporu ve volb\u00e1ch. Zat\u00edm jsme neomyln\u011b na cest\u011b k takov\u00e9mu patu. Ale nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno, \u017ee se voli\u010d pou\u010d\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b o n\u011bco hloub\u011bji a nebude u\u017e destruktivn\u00ed politiky volit.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> V\u00edra v n\u011bjakou privilegovanou filosofii b\u00fdv\u00e1 doprov\u00e1zena p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edm, \u017ee existuje n\u011bjak\u00fd \u201ev\u011bdeck\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd n\u00e1zor\u201c<\/em>, n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u201eexpertn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed\u201c<\/em>, \u017ee se vol\u00e1 po \u201eodborn\u00edc\u00edch\u201c<\/em>. V politick\u00fdch ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch jsou odborn\u00edci vylou\u010deni, rozhoduj\u00ed filosofie. To, co lze rozhodnout expertn\u011b, v\u016fbec nem\u00e1 b\u00fdt v p\u016fsobnosti politik\u016f. \u010casto se na odborn\u00edky odvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed strany, hnut\u00ed a m\u00e9dia, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed pevnou filosofii.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Smutn\u00e9 je, kdy\u017e politick\u00e1 hnut\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou filosofii nemaj\u00ed, v\u016fbec by nem\u011bla kandidovat.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Smutn\u00e9 je, \u017ee politikov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l t\u00edm v\u00edce rozhoduj\u00ed o v\u011bcech, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed administrativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a naopak \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci rozhoduj\u00ed m\u00edsto politik\u016f.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> P\u0159\u00edznakem marxistick\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed politiky je vol\u00e1n\u00ed po tom, \u017ee Parlament m\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u201eefektivn\u00ed\u201c<\/em>, \u017ee mus\u00ed z\u00e1kony schvalovat rychle. Je to o\u010dividn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed omezit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed demokracie. \u00dastavn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zdlouhav\u00fd legislativn\u00ed proces, aby umo\u017enil demokratickou komunikaci mezi ob\u010dany a jejich volen\u00fdmi z\u00e1stupci. \u010c\u00edm d\u00e9le se z\u00e1kony projedn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe. V Habsbursk\u00e9 monarchii se nap\u0159\u00edklad ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk p\u0159ipravoval sto let, a po schv\u00e1len\u00ed tak m\u016f\u017ee dal\u0161\u00edch n\u011bkolik set let fungovat.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u010cesk\u00fd rozhlas<\/a> a Referendum<\/a>  uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed stejn\u00fd text.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Hesla: obstrukce, tolerance, vedouc\u00ed \u00faloha strany, pluralitn\u00ed dobro, politick\u00e1 filosofie, nap\u011bt\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti, konkordan\u010dn\u00ed demokracie, efektivita parlamentu, partnerstv\u00ed a man\u017eelstv\u00ed, katolick\u00e1 c\u00edrkev, n\u00e1sil\u00ed v politice, Klement Gottwald, politick\u00fd pat, volby.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

2.3.2024 Demokratick\u00fd politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na spravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei politick\u00fdch filosofi\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee mezi nimi nelze naj\u00edt \u017e\u00e1dnou privilegovanou, kter\u00e1 by byla ostatn\u00edm nad\u0159azen\u00e1, jinak \u0159e\u010deno, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2688","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2688"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2688\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2692,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2688\/revisions\/2692"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2688"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2688"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2688"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}