{"id":2670,"date":"2023-09-24T13:41:38","date_gmt":"2023-09-24T12:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=2670"},"modified":"2023-09-24T13:41:38","modified_gmt":"2023-09-24T12:41:38","slug":"politicka-invalidita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/politicka-invalidita\/","title":{"rendered":"Politick\u00e1 invalidita"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

20.9.2023<\/span><\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je naprosto \u0161patn\u00fdm v\u00fdchodiskem srovn\u00e1vat demokracii s komunistickou totalitou. Uf\u0148ukan\u00e9 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jak jsme kdysi trp\u011bli a jak je to dneska lep\u0161\u00ed nikoho nep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed a ni\u010demu nepom\u016f\u017ee. M\u011bli bychom za\u010d\u00edt od toho, jak\u00e9 povinnosti m\u00e1 st\u00e1t. Co mus\u00ed st\u00e1t d\u011blat? To je nav\u00fdsost politick\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, ka\u017ed\u00e1 politick\u00e1 filosofie m\u00e1 jinou definici.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 najdeme n\u011bjak\u00fd spole\u010dn\u00fd jmenovatel v\u0161ech politick\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f, jak\u00fdsi spole\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1klad, se kter\u00fdm v\u0161ichni souhlas\u00ed. A tak\u00e9 bude velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed oblast\u00ed, kde se neshodneme. Na tom nen\u00ed nic \u0161patn\u00e9ho, m\u00e1me pluralitn\u00ed demokracii. Ale dovozovat zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed totality z toho, \u017ee m\u00e1me na n\u011bco rozd\u00edln\u00fd n\u00e1zor, by bylo chybn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Voli\u010d by z toho mohl vyvodit z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pou\u010den\u00ed: nikdy nevolit stranu, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed schopna p\u0159esn\u011b zformulovat svou politickou filosofii a kter\u00e1 nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159esn\u011b popsat, co je to st\u00e1t a jak m\u00e1 st\u00e1t fungovat.<\/p>\n

Kdyby snad skute\u010dn\u011b n\u011bkdo m\u011bl n\u011bjak\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, \u017ee se n\u011bjak\u00e1 strana nebo vl\u00e1da chyst\u00e1 zav\u00e9st totalitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, pak podle na\u0161ich z\u00e1kon\u016f je povinen ozn\u00e1mit to p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm. Jedn\u00e1 se toti\u017e o trestn\u00fd \u010din a neozn\u00e1men\u00ed by mohlo b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1no za napom\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpravu, kter\u00e1 je v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tak\u00e9 trestn\u00e1 (\u00a7314 z\u00e1kona \u010d. 40\/2009 Sb., trestn\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk).<\/p>\n

Pokud v\u0161ak takov\u00e9 d\u016fkazy (opakuji d\u016fkazy<\/u>, ne domn\u011bnky) nem\u00e1, pak t\u00edm d\u00e1v\u00e1 najevo, \u017ee nezn\u00e1 na\u0161\u00ed \u00dastavu, nezn\u00e1 na\u0161e z\u00e1kony, nem\u00e1 pon\u011bt\u00ed o tom, co je to demokracie a jak funguje, nev\u00ed nic o tom, co je to st\u00e1t a jak funguje. Navrhuji, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho pronese, byl vyznamen\u00e1n titulem \u201epolitick\u00fd invalida<\/strong>\u201c, aby tento titul byl v\u017edy uv\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159ed jeho jm\u00e9nem, a aby ho voli\u010di d\u016fsledn\u011b vyhnali z politiky. Ano, posti\u017een\u00e9 diskriminovat nechceme, ale politick\u00e9 invalidy diskriminovat m\u00e1me a mus\u00edme. Kdy\u017e se toti\u017e dostanou k moci, hroz\u00ed n\u00e1m v\u0161em v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kody. Je smutn\u00e9, \u017ee ani na\u0161i \u017eurnalist\u00e9 pov\u011bt\u0161inou nemaj\u00ed v t\u00e9to oblasti dostate\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed pochopen\u00ed demokracie.  <\/p>\n

V na\u0161em politick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1me pom\u011brn\u011b zna\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det osob, kter\u00e9 si pletou demokracii s anarchi\u00ed. Za nespravedliv\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed jak\u00e9koli omezen\u00ed jejich anarchistick\u00fdch p\u0159edstav. Ale demokracie se m\u00e1 a mus\u00ed br\u00e1nit. <\/p>\n

Pod\u00edvejme se na p\u0159\u00edklad na to, jak funguje svoboda slova. Svoboda projevu ur\u010dit\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee n\u011bkdo m\u00e1 \u0161est hodin ve\u0159ejn\u011b bl\u00e1bolit. V\u017edycky p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1m, \u017ee Einstein teorii relativity napsal na 18 str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch. Pokud \u0159e\u010dn\u00edk rozum\u00ed tomu, co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee to vyj\u00e1d\u0159it b\u011bhem nanejv\u00fd\u0161 dvou nebo t\u0159\u00ed des\u00edtek minut. A kdy\u017e to neum\u00ed, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt v konkuren\u010dn\u00edm demokratick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed eliminov\u00e1n. Takto hloup\u00ed lid\u00e9 prost\u011b do politiky nepat\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Svoboda slova neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee si ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edkat, co se mu zachce. To plat\u00ed jenom v anarchii, kde si mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va prosadit a obh\u00e1jit obrazn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno se zbran\u00ed v ruce. Svoboda slova kon\u010d\u00ed tam, kde nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na svobodu druh\u00fdch lid\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pomluvy mus\u00ed st\u00e1t zakro\u010dit a p\u0159inutit pomlouva\u010de, aby sv\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed odvolal a aby se omluvil. M\u016f\u017eeme diskutovat o tom, v jak\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e m\u00e1 st\u00e1t chr\u00e1nit proti pomluv\u00e1m a jak. U n\u00e1s m\u00e1me jak trestn\u00fd \u010din pomluvy, tak mo\u017enost ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u017ealoby. Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee z nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f ob\u010danskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed osobnostn\u00ed spory trvaj\u00ed l\u00e9ta. P\u0159itom pro soudy je to ban\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost: d\u016fkazn\u00ed b\u0159emeno je na pomlouva\u010di, soud ani vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u00e9 nic nedokazuj\u00ed. Sta\u010d\u00ed, aby soud \u0159e\u010den\u00e9mu pomlouva\u010di stanovil lh\u016ftu n\u011bkolika dn\u00ed k p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f, kdy\u017e je nep\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed nebo jsou zpochybniteln\u00e9, m\u011bl by rozhodnout. Pova\u017eoval bych za spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, aby byla pro osobnostn\u00ed spory stanovena lh\u016fta deseti dn\u016f, jako j\u00ed m\u00e1me u volebn\u00edch st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed. Nen\u00ed na co \u010dekat. Kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo najde v uzenin\u011b cvr\u010dka a zve\u0159ejn\u00ed to, sta\u010d\u00ed doru\u010dit uzeninu s cvr\u010dkem k soudu a je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee nejde o pomluvu. Po p\u011bti letech se u\u017e ned\u00e1 zjistit, jak to vlastn\u011b bylo. A \u010dest v demokracii pat\u0159\u00ed k nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m. Pokud ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd cvr\u010dek nebyl, pak se jedn\u00e1 o pomluvu a mus\u00ed se neprodlen\u011b rozhodnout, proto\u017ee hroz\u00ed, \u017ee uzen\u00e1\u0159 zkrachuje. Kdyby na\u0161e soudy v t\u00e9to oblasti fungovaly, dalo by se diskutovat o tom, \u017ee se t\u0159eba postupn\u011b omez\u00ed pomluva v trestn\u00edm pr\u00e1vu. Ale k tomu je cesta trvaj\u00edc\u00ed desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Slovo m\u016f\u017ee zab\u00edjet, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit psychick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit nenapraviteln\u00e9 \u0161kody. Proto je povinnost\u00ed demokratick\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu poskytnout sv\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm spolehlivou ochranu. A to nen\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost politick\u00e9 plurality, k tomu n\u00e1s zavazuj\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dokumenty o lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech. Pat\u0159\u00ed to k tomu spole\u010dn\u00e9mu jmenovateli. V na\u0161\u00ed Listin\u011b je to v \u010dl\u00e1nku 17 v odstavci 4 formulov\u00e1no takto: \u201eSvobodu projevu a pr\u00e1vo vyhled\u00e1vat a \u0161\u00ed\u0159it informace lze omezit z\u00e1konem, jde-li o opat\u0159en\u00ed v demokratick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nezbytn\u00e1 pro ochranu pr\u00e1v a svobod druh\u00fdch, bezpe\u010dnost st\u00e1tu, ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost, ochranu ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed a mravnosti.\u201c<\/em>  A pochopiteln\u011b v dob\u011b bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho rizika (nap\u0159\u00edklad jak se vyhla\u0161uje v NATO) by st\u00e1t m\u011bl m\u00edt siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed postihovat v\u00fdroky a jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00e9st k bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. Abych m\u011bl zaru\u010denu svobodu slova, pot\u0159ebuji st\u00e1t, aby mi garantoval, \u017ee ji nikdo nebude zneu\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n

A pokud si dovol\u00edm na z\u00e1v\u011br malou retroaktivn\u00ed pozn\u00e1mku: mnoz\u00ed si dnes mysl\u00ed, \u017ee Charta 77 d\u011blala n\u011bjakou politickou opozici. M\u00fdl\u00ed se, byla voln\u00fdm sdru\u017een\u00edm ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se rozhodli sledovat, jak st\u00e1t dodr\u017euje sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed platn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony. To byla my\u0161lenka Jana Pato\u010dky, od kter\u00e9 se Charta odv\u00edjela. Tak tedy vypad\u00e1 totalita: st\u00e1t v\u011bdom\u011b a systematicky poru\u0161uje sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1kony!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

20.9.2023 Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je naprosto \u0161patn\u00fdm v\u00fdchodiskem srovn\u00e1vat demokracii s komunistickou totalitou. Uf\u0148ukan\u00e9 srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jak jsme kdysi trp\u011bli a jak je to dneska lep\u0161\u00ed nikoho nep\u0159esv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed a ni\u010demu nepom\u016f\u017ee. M\u011bli bychom… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2670"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2671,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2670\/revisions\/2671"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2670"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2670"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2670"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}