{"id":2362,"date":"2022-02-19T15:24:56","date_gmt":"2022-02-19T14:24:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=2362"},"modified":"2022-02-19T15:24:56","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T14:24:56","slug":"legislativni-zmetky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/legislativni-zmetky\/","title":{"rendered":"Legislativn\u00ed zmetky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

27.3.2006<\/span><\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da o sob\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1dla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b. K hodnocen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria \u2013 nezam\u011bstnanost, zadlu\u017eenost, r\u016fst \u010di \u00fabytek st\u0159edn\u00edho stavu, inflaci \u010di jin\u00e9 parametry. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich se navz\u00e1jem ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed, celkov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na metod\u011b.<\/p>\n

Existuje v\u0161ak jeden snadno m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd parametr: kvalita legislativn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Vl\u00e1da v demokratick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu s p\u0159ivolen\u00edm parlamentu m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bt pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v legislativ\u011b. K \u010demu je nutn\u00fd souhlas parlamentu? Z\u00e1kony omezuj\u00ed vl\u00e1du pevn\u00fdmi pravidly, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016fm s dostate\u010dnou jistotou p\u0159edpov\u00eddat, jak bude vl\u00e1dn\u00ed autorita postupovat, nastanou-li ur\u010dit\u00e9 okolnosti. Ob\u010dan se podle toho m\u016f\u017ee za\u0159\u00eddit a pl\u00e1novat si sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitosti. M\u011blo by b\u00fdt zcela nemo\u017en\u00e9, aby vl\u00e1da ovliv\u0148ovala jak\u00fdkoli individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad. Svobodn\u00fd ob\u010dan by m\u011bl m\u00edt jistotu, \u017ee vl\u00e1da nepou\u017eije mocensk\u00fd apar\u00e1t k tomu, aby \u00famysln\u011b v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zas\u00e1hla do jeho osobn\u00edho \u017eivota. Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se to vl\u00e1dou z\u00e1kona na rozd\u00edl od vl\u00e1dy sv\u00e9vole.<\/p>\n

Aby byl pr\u00e1vn\u00ed syst\u00e9m stabiln\u00ed, b\u00fdv\u00e1 legislativn\u00ed proces zpomalov\u00e1n r\u016fzn\u00fdmi lh\u016ftami. Pro vl\u00e1du m\u00e1 b\u00fdt slo\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00edskat souhlas s legislativn\u00edmi zm\u011bnami. Ob\u010dan m\u00e1 m\u00edt mo\u017enost v\u010das se dozv\u011bd\u011bt o zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch a vyj\u00e1d\u0159it se k nim s\u00e1m \u010di prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch volen\u00fdch z\u00e1stupc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Aby bylo pr\u00e1vn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro ob\u010dany \u010diteln\u00e9 i v z\u00e1vislosti na politick\u00e9m slo\u017een\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 vl\u00e1da programov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e p\u0159edem nazna\u010d\u00ed, pro\u010d a co bude cht\u00edt v pr\u00e1vn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du zm\u011bnit. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se t\u00edm zajist\u00ed koordinace jednotliv\u00fdch ministr\u016f. Na z\u00e1v\u011br p\u0159ipom\u00ednkov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee ve vl\u00e1d\u011b ke ka\u017ed\u00e9mu n\u00e1vrhu vyj\u00e1d\u0159it ka\u017ed\u00e9 ministerstvo.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkolik p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f k posouzen\u00ed kvality pr\u00e1ce sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

V \u010dervnu 2001 byl schv\u00e1len vl\u00e1dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o poh\u0159ebnictv\u00ed, kter\u00fdm se nahradila vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka z roku 1988. Je\u0161t\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e roku v prosinci byl \u010derstv\u011b schv\u00e1len\u00fd z\u00e1kon novelizov\u00e1n. V \u010dervnu 2002 byl tent\u00fd\u017e z\u00e1kon novelizov\u00e1n n\u00e1vrhem od ministerstva vnitra v souvislosti s ukon\u010den\u00edm \u010dinnosti okresn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. V srpnu 2003 se m\u011bnil na n\u00e1vrh ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bnu navrhl ministr obrany v \u00fanoru 2004 v souvislosti se z\u00e1konem o v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch hrobech. V roce 2005 n\u00e1vrh dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny p\u0159edlo\u017eilo ministerstvo pro m\u00edstn\u00ed rozvoj, ale z\u00e1kon se do sb\u00edrky dost\u00e1v\u00e1 a\u017e v roce 2006. Od roku 2001 se z\u00e1kon m\u011bn\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok. Posledn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh vl\u00e1da od\u016fvod\u0148uje t\u00edm, \u017ee jde o \u201eodstran\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch negativn\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f p\u016fvodn\u011b nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch protich\u016fdn\u00fdch alternativn\u00edch v\u00fdklad\u016f n\u011bkter\u00fdch ustanoven\u00ed a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b tak\u00e9 nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch vztah\u016f\u201c. <\/i>P\u0159elo\u017eeno do srozumiteln\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di, vl\u00e1da p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00fdsledkem ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed novelizace je legislativn\u00ed zmetek. Parlamentu v tomto smyslu nezazn\u011bla \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 kritika.<\/p>\n

V lednu 2004 p\u0159edlo\u017eila vl\u00e1da rozs\u00e1hlou euro-novelizaci z\u00e1kona o t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at. Mimo jin\u00e9 vl\u00e1da po\u017eadovala do z\u00e1kona vlo\u017eit v\u011btu: \u201ecvi\u010dit nebo \u00fa\u010delov\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat zv\u00ed\u0159e k agresivn\u00edmu chov\u00e1n\u00ed anebo k \u010dlov\u011bkem \u00fa\u010delov\u011b p\u0159ipraven\u00e9mu z\u00e1pasu zv\u00ed\u0159ete a \u010dlov\u011bka\u201c<\/i> se zakazuje jako t\u00fdr\u00e1n\u00ed. Parlament to hlasy v\u0161ech stran schv\u00e1lil. V b\u0159eznu 2005 vl\u00e1da p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 nal\u00e9havou novelizaci, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 umo\u017enit v\u00fdcvik ps\u016f pro pln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f p\u0159i zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti st\u00e1tu. Vl\u00e1da se neomluvila za legislativn\u00ed zmetek. Parlamentn\u00ed koalice ani opozice nepova\u017eovaly za nutn\u00e9 na selh\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy upozornit.<\/p>\n

V lednu 2005 p\u0159edlo\u017eila vl\u00e1da po\u017eadovan\u00fd n\u00e1vrh nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o utajovan\u00fdch skute\u010dnostech. P\u0159i tom novelizovala na sedmdes\u00e1t jin\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f a mimo jin\u00e9 zavedla povinnou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed prov\u011brku pro \u010dleny dozor\u010d\u00edch rad ve spole\u010dnostech, kter\u00e9 obchoduj\u00ed s vojensk\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem. Vtip je v tom, \u017ee cizinec \u010deskou prov\u011brku nem\u016f\u017ee z\u00edskat, tedy zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investor nem\u016f\u017ee dohl\u00ed\u017eet na to, jak \u010de\u0161t\u00ed tunel\u00e1\u0159i (s prov\u011brkou) nakl\u00e1daj\u00ed s jeho investic\u00ed. Znepokojen\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed investo\u0159i a obchodn\u00ed komory, jeliko\u017e se c\u00edt\u00ed b\u00fdt diskriminov\u00e1ni oproti investor\u016fm \u010desk\u00fdm. N\u00e1hle sly\u0161\u00edme od poslanc\u016f i ministr\u016f, \u017ee kdy\u017e z\u00e1kon nevyhovuje, m\u016f\u017ee se okam\u017eit\u011b zm\u011bnit, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed EU ani NATO. Z\u00e1kon tak\u00e9 odporuje n\u011bkter\u00fdm na\u0161im smlouv\u00e1m o ochran\u011b investic. K \u010demu m\u00e1me ministerstvo zahrani\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e ve vl\u00e1d\u011b na probl\u00e9m neupozorn\u00ed a to ani po prohran\u00e9 arbitr\u00e1\u017ei s investorem do TV Nova? K \u010demu m\u00e1me zahrani\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdbor, kdy\u017e nesleduje n\u00e1vrhy z\u00e1kon\u016f z hlediska jejich souladu s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi smlouvami?<\/p>\n

Minist\u0159i se netaj\u00ed skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 sv\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy nep\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed do vl\u00e1dy, ale objedou legislativn\u00ed postup t\u00edm, \u017ee se domluv\u00ed se s n\u011bkter\u00fdm z poslanc\u016f, aby ministersk\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy p\u0159edlo\u017eil jako poslaneck\u00fd n\u00e1vrh. Parlament b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ilep\u00ed na posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli ve druh\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed k projedn\u00e1van\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u016fm nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 novelizace jin\u00fdch zcela nesouvisej\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f pozm\u011b\u0148ovac\u00edm n\u00e1vrhem, tak\u017ee ob\u010dan ani vl\u00e1da se k projedn\u00e1van\u00e9 legislativ\u011b nem\u016f\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vyj\u00e1d\u0159it. Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny se u\u017e ani ne\u010dtou, tak\u017ee o jejich obsahu se nem\u016f\u017eeme dozv\u011bd\u011bt z parlamentn\u00edch p\u0159enos\u016f ani z internetu a legislativn\u00ed zlot\u0159ilost zjist\u00edme, a\u017e kdy\u017e je z\u00e1kon schv\u00e1len.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky poskytuje ob\u010danovi pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d, kdy\u017e ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk, kodex, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 stabilizovat vztahy mezi ob\u010dany, byl v tomto volebn\u00edm obdob\u00ed novelizov\u00e1n dvan\u00e1ctkr\u00e1t, n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch pokus\u016f bylo prozat\u00edm odm\u00edtnuto.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdkonnost vl\u00e1dy se nem\u011b\u0159\u00ed po\u010dtem schv\u00e1len\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f. \u010c\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b zm\u011bn, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe pro ob\u010dana. Kvalita vl\u00e1dy se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed po\u010dtem z\u00e1kon\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou tak dobr\u00e9, \u017ee ani jak\u00e1koli p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed koali\u010dn\u00ed vl\u00e1da na nich nebude muset nic m\u011bnit. M\u00e1me-li na mysli, \u017ee stabilita pr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm politick\u00fdm p\u0159ik\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm, zn\u00ed sebechv\u00e1la vl\u00e1dy komicky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

27.3.2006 Vl\u00e1da o sob\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1dla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b. K hodnocen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme pou\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria \u2013 nezam\u011bstnanost, zadlu\u017eenost, r\u016fst \u010di \u00fabytek st\u0159edn\u00edho stavu, inflaci \u010di jin\u00e9 parametry. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich se… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2362"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2365,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2362\/revisions\/2365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}