{"id":2229,"date":"2021-04-13T01:05:54","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T00:05:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=2229"},"modified":"2021-04-13T01:50:28","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T00:50:28","slug":"faltynkovy-denicky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/faltynkovy-denicky\/","title":{"rendered":"Falt\u00fdnkovy den\u00ed\u010dky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

13.4.2021<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Na\u0161e Listina v druh\u00e9m odstavci \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 stanov\u00ed zn\u00e1mou ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee st\u00e1t sm\u00ed \u010dinit jenom to, co je mu v\u00fdslovn\u011b z\u00e1konem povoleno: St\u00e1tn\u00ed moc lze uplat\u0148ovat jen v p\u0159\u00edpadech a v mez\u00edch stanoven\u00fdch z\u00e1konem, a to zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd z\u00e1kon stanov\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

Poslanec a sen\u00e1tor pochopiteln\u011b tak\u00e9 vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed moc, proto p\u0159i tom tak\u00e9 sm\u00ed d\u011blat pouze to, co je mu z\u00e1konem v\u00fdslovn\u011b dovoleno. Ka\u017ed\u00fd poslanec a sen\u00e1tor to slibuje p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed mand\u00e1tu. Nen\u00ed-li v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b v\u00fdslovn\u011b uvedeno, \u017ee poslanec sm\u00ed v jak\u00e9koliv v\u011bci \u010di v jak\u00e9mkoliv rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed mimo z\u00e1konod\u00e1rnou \u010dinnost lobbovat, pak to \u010dinit nesm\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00dakolem poslanc\u016f a sen\u00e1tor\u016f je zastupovat z\u00e1jmy ob\u010dan\u016f, v\u011bnovat se v jejich z\u00e1jmu tvorb\u011b legislativy, tedy pravidel, podle kter\u00fdch se bude \u0159\u00eddit \u017eivot v \u010cR. \u00dakolem poslanc\u016f je tak\u00e9 kontrolovat \u010dinnost vl\u00e1dy, zda dodr\u017euje platn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony. Jak to m\u00e1 d\u011blat? Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1vrh\u016f, hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed, interpelac\u00ed, \u2026 N\u011bkter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed \u00fakoly jsou jim sv\u011b\u0159eny v dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1konech.<\/p>\n

Z toho ale vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no to, co bylo b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm zvykem u poslanc\u016f za komunismu: zasahovat do \u010dinnosti samospr\u00e1vy, do p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed dotac\u00ed, do v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Samospr\u00e1va je pod explicitn\u00ed ochranou Evropsk\u00e9 charty m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy (http:\/\/myop.wz.cz\/pdf\/evropska.pdf<\/a>), kter\u00e1 v \u010dl. 4 odst. 4. stanov\u00ed: Pravomoci poskytnut\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00edm spole\u010denstv\u00edm jsou zpravidla pln\u00e9 a v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u00e9. Jin\u00fd org\u00e1n, \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed \u010di region\u00e1ln\u00ed, do nich m\u016f\u017ee zas\u00e1hnout nebo je omezit jen stanov\u00ed-li tak z\u00e1kon<\/u><\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Samospr\u00e1va je tedy \u201anad\u00fastavn\u00edm\u2018 dokumentem chr\u00e1n\u011bna proti jak\u00fdmkoliv z\u00e1sah\u016fm do rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti ze strany z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f s v\u00fdjimkou z\u00e1kon\u016f platn\u00fdch pro v\u0161echny. V p\u0159enesen\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti je samospr\u00e1va automaticky v\u00e1z\u00e1na pouze z\u00e1kony a poslanci ani sen\u00e1to\u0159i do fungov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy tak\u00e9 nesm\u00ed zasahovat ani ji ovliv\u0148ovat.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon obc\u00edch \u010d. 128\/2000 Sb. v odst. (4) \u00a7 93 stanov\u00ed: Po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1-li na zased\u00e1n\u00ed zastupitelstva obce o slovo \u010dlen vl\u00e1dy nebo j\u00edm ur\u010den\u00fd z\u00e1stupce, sen\u00e1tor, poslanec, nebo z\u00e1stupce org\u00e1n\u016f kraje, mus\u00ed mu b\u00fdt ud\u011bleno. <\/em><\/p>\n

To je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 pravomoc, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad k tomu, aby poslanec nebo sen\u00e1tor informoval na zastupitelstvu o st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nebo p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 legislativ\u011b, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b aby informoval o politick\u00e9 situaci. Nesm\u00ed zasahovat do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zastupitelstva v\u011bcn\u011b, k tomu nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zmocn\u011bn\u00ed. Ochrana proti neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9mu zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee poslanec nebo sen\u00e1tor vystupuje ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159ed v\u0161emi politick\u00fdmi subjekty zastoupen\u00fdmi v zastupitelstvu. Pokud by se poslanec nebo sen\u00e1tor pokusil v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho vystoupen\u00ed na zastupitelstvu vyv\u00edjet n\u011bjak\u00fd vliv na rozhodnut\u00ed v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti, mus\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee za to nese trestn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost. Pochopiteln\u011b \u201ao to v\u00edce\u2018 je trestn\u00e9 jak\u00e9koliv ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edstaviteli samospr\u00e1vy mimo zased\u00e1n\u00ed zastupitelstva.<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o n\u011bkolik trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f:<\/p>\n

P\u0159edn\u011b je to v trestn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku \u00a7 329 Zneu\u017eit\u00ed pravomoci \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed osoby:
(1) \u00da\u0159edn\u00ed osoba, kter\u00e1 v \u00famyslu zp\u016fsobit jin\u00e9mu \u0161kodu nebo jinou z\u00e1va\u017enou \u00fajmu anebo opat\u0159it sob\u011b nebo jin\u00e9mu neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd prosp\u011bch,
a) vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 svou pravomoc zp\u016fsobem odporuj\u00edc\u00edm jin\u00e9mu pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu p\u0159edpisu,
b) p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed svou pravomoc, nebo
c) nespln\u00ed povinnost vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z jej\u00ed pravomoci,
bude potrest\u00e1na odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody na jeden rok a\u017e p\u011bt let nebo z\u00e1kazem \u010dinnosti.<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159itom podle druh\u00e9ho odstavce p\u00edsmeno c) t\u00e9ho\u017e paragrafu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ud\u011blen a\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd trest tomu, kdo zp\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enou poruchu v \u010dinnosti \u2026 \u00fazemn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy, \u2026<\/u><\/strong><\/em> To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokus zasahovat do \u010dinnosti a rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy je trestn\u00fd i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nezp\u016fsob\u00ed ani prosp\u011bch, ani \u0161kodu, sta\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e naru\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou \u010dinnost samospr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n

Odstavec (4) v t\u00e9m\u017ee paragrafu stanov\u00ed, \u017ee i p\u0159\u00edprava je trestn\u00e1<\/u><\/strong>. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je trestn\u00e1 pro ob\u011b strany, tedy jak pro poslance \u010di sen\u00e1tora, tak pro p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavitele samospr\u00e1vy, kter\u00fd s n\u00edm o takov\u00e9 v\u011bci vede jak\u00e9koli jedn\u00e1n\u00ed (z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed dotace, poru\u0161en\u00ed spravedliv\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee p\u0159i jak\u00fdchkoli ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zk\u00e1ch a podobn\u011b).<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed trestn\u00ed postih m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt podobu pletich p\u0159i zad\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky a p\u0159i ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei. Je zakotven v trestn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku v \u00a7 257:<\/p>\n

(1) Kdo se dopust\u00ed pletich v souvislosti se zad\u00e1n\u00edm ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky nebo s ve\u0159ejnou sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee<\/em>
a) lst\u00ed nebo pohr\u016f\u017ekou n\u00e1sil\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u00fajmy p\u0159im\u011bje jin\u00e9ho, aby se zdr\u017eel \u00fa\u010dasti v zad\u00e1vac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei,
b) jin\u00e9mu poskytne, nab\u00eddne nebo sl\u00edb\u00ed majetkov\u00fd nebo jin\u00fd prosp\u011bch za to, \u017ee se zdr\u017e\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti v zad\u00e1vac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei<\/u><\/strong>,
c) \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 nebo p\u0159ijme majetkov\u00fd nebo jin\u00fd prosp\u011bch za to, \u017ee se zdr\u017e\u00ed \u00fa\u010dasti v zad\u00e1vac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei, nebo
d) na z\u00e1klad\u011b dohody s jin\u00fdm z\u00e1jemcem nebo uchaze\u010dem vyv\u00edj\u00ed \u010dinnost sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k zad\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky za nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b vysokou nebo jinak nev\u00fdhodnou cenu<\/u><\/strong>,
bude potrest\u00e1n odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody a\u017e na t\u0159i l\u00e9ta nebo z\u00e1kazem \u010dinnosti.<\/em><\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd odstavec t\u00e9ho\u017e paragrafu v\u00fdslovn\u011b stanov\u00ed, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed trest<\/u><\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ulo\u017een tomu, kdo prosp\u011bch komukoli (v\u010detn\u011b kter\u00e9koli obce nebo kraje) a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i \u0161kodu (v\u010detn\u011b \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 st\u00e1tu) vyvol\u00e1 jako \u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed osoba<\/u><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed st\u00edhateln\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt podobu zneu\u017eit\u00ed informace v obchodn\u00edm styku podle \u00a7 255:<\/p>\n

(1) Kdo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u00ed, zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u00ed nebo sd\u011bl\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed osob\u011b informaci<\/u><\/strong> dosud nikoli ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupnou, jej\u00ed\u017e zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed je zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 podstatn\u011b ovlivnit rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/u><\/strong> v obchodn\u00edm styku, a zp\u016fsob\u00ed t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161kodu nebo jin\u00fd z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1sledek nebo t\u00edm opat\u0159\u00ed sob\u011b nebo jin\u00e9mu v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prosp\u011bch, bude potrest\u00e1n odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody a\u017e na dv\u011b l\u00e9ta nebo z\u00e1kazem \u010dinnosti.<\/em><\/p>\n

(2) Kdo neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b u\u017eije informaci <\/u><\/strong>dosud nikoli ve\u0159ejn\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupnou, kterou z\u00edskal p\u0159i v\u00fdkonu sv\u00e9ho zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, povol\u00e1n\u00ed, postaven\u00ed, funkce<\/u><\/strong> nebo jinak a jej\u00ed\u017e zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed je zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 podstatn\u011b ovlivnit rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v obchodn\u00edm styku, t\u00edm, \u017ee uskute\u010dn\u00ed nebo d\u00e1 podn\u011bt k uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed smlouvy nebo operace v obchodn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu nebo na organizovan\u00e9m trhu se zbo\u017e\u00edm, a zp\u016fsob\u00ed t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161kodu nebo jin\u00fd z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1sledek nebo t\u00edm opat\u0159\u00ed sob\u011b nebo jin\u00e9mu v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prosp\u011bch, bude potrest\u00e1n odn\u011bt\u00edm svobody a\u017e na \u010dty\u0159i l\u00e9ta nebo z\u00e1kazem \u010dinnosti.<\/em><\/p>\n

Z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 jeden podstatn\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br: kdokoli se stane sv\u011bdkem lobbov\u00e1n\u00ed kter\u00e9hokoliv poslance nebo sen\u00e1tora, v\u010detn\u011b poslance Falt\u00fdnka, m\u011bl by ve vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu co nejd\u0159\u00edve poskytnout sv\u011bdeckou v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f policii, proto\u017ee jinak se s\u00e1m vystavuje trestn\u00edmu st\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

13.4.2021 Na\u0161e Listina v druh\u00e9m odstavci \u010dl\u00e1nku 2 stanov\u00ed zn\u00e1mou ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee st\u00e1t sm\u00ed \u010dinit jenom to, co je mu v\u00fdslovn\u011b z\u00e1konem povoleno: St\u00e1tn\u00ed moc lze uplat\u0148ovat jen v p\u0159\u00edpadech… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2229"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2234,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2229\/revisions\/2234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}