{"id":206,"date":"2015-04-30T16:36:56","date_gmt":"2015-04-30T15:36:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=206"},"modified":"2015-06-01T13:04:44","modified_gmt":"2015-06-01T12:04:44","slug":"slusne-chovani-a-cit-pro-demokracii-nelze-uzakonit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/slusne-chovani-a-cit-pro-demokracii-nelze-uzakonit\/","title":{"rendered":"Slu\u0161n\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed a cit pro demokracii nelze uz\u00e1konit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"218749_clanok_foto_683\"<\/a>

\u00dastava sice nen\u00ed nedotknuteln\u00fdm dokumentem, ale tato koalice by na n\u00ed nem\u011bla nic m\u011bnit. Pokud n\u011bco zm\u011bn\u00ed, bude to k hor\u0161\u00edmu.<\/p><\/div>\n

18.11.2011<\/span><\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strany uva\u017euj\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b \u00dastavy. \u00dastava jist\u011b nen\u00ed nedotknuteln\u00fdm dokumentem, ale up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, nezd\u00e1 se mi, \u017ee by strany vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice z hlediska intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edch kapacit, politick\u00e9 invence a zaujet\u00ed pro slu\u0161nost m\u011bla k takov\u00e9mu kroku opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed. Nato\u017epak aby to byla priorita.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edn\u011b jedna zku\u0161enost: zm\u011bny \u00fastavn\u00edho po\u0159\u00e1dku b\u00fdvaj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161 ke \u0161kod\u011b, ne\u017e k u\u017eitku. Skute\u010dn\u00e9 zaujet\u00ed pro v\u011bc a rovn\u011b\u017e v\u0161eobecn\u00e1 znalost v\u0161ech z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f v oblasti \u00fastavn\u00edho pr\u00e1va je nyn\u00ed mnohem men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e byla v roce 1992. V takov\u00e9 situaci z\u00e1konit\u011b zv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed z\u00e1jmy politick\u00fdch partaj\u00ed nad z\u00e1jem st\u00e1tu \u010di ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f n\u00e1vrh z neznalosti podpo\u0159\u00ed s p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee to po\u017eaduj\u00ed voli\u010di. Nebudou si cht\u00edt d\u011blat zlou krev kv\u016fli n\u011bjak\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b \u00fastavy. Kone\u010dn\u011b, ani p\u0159ece \u00fastavn\u00edmu pr\u00e1vu nerozum\u00ed. Bude\u2011li se n\u011bkdo pt\u00e1t, vymluv\u00ed se na neznalost. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee pro ob\u010dana plat\u00ed, \u017ee neznalost z\u00e1kona neomlouv\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci p\u0159ece nemohou zn\u00e1t v\u0161echno, a\u010dkoli to maj\u00ed v popisu pr\u00e1ce a berou pen\u00edze na odborn\u00e9 posudky.<\/p>\n

Zku\u0161enost z jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed je takov\u00e1, \u017ee zm\u011bny v \u00fastav\u011b zpravidla po\u0161kod\u00ed jak\u017e tak\u017e vyv\u00e1\u017eenou rovnov\u00e1hu, vych\u00fdl\u00ed ji sm\u011brem k pos\u00edlen\u00ed moci poltick\u00fdch stran.<\/p>\n

P\u0159itom kdy\u017e zhodnot\u00edme na\u0161\u00ed \u00fastavu, nen\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s evropsk\u00fdm kontextem nijak \u0161patn\u00e1, hodn\u011b se inspirovala prvorepublikovou \u00fastavou z roku 1920. M\u00e1me v\u0161ak jednu vleklou chorobu na\u0161eho \u00fastavn\u00edho po\u0159\u00e1dku ji\u017e od roku 1920, vlastn\u011b od roku 1918. V na\u0161em politick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu jsou zbytn\u011bl\u00e9 politick\u00e9 strany.<\/strong> Disponuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161nou moc\u00ed ji\u017e v \u00dastav\u011b, svou moc nad r\u00e1mec psan\u00fdch pravidel roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed jak do m\u00e9di\u00ed, tak do st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy jako\u017e i do sp\u0159\u00e1telen\u00fdch podnikatelsk\u00fdch kruh\u016f zp\u016fsobem, z n\u011bho\u017e se \u010desk\u00e9mu voli\u010di d\u011bl\u00e1 \u0161patn\u011b podobn\u011b, jako tomu bylo i ve dvac\u00e1t\u00fdch a t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech. \u00dastava vych\u00e1z\u00ed z konceptu d\u011blby moci, ale ve skute\u010dnosti politick\u00e1 moc zasahuje do justice (\u010cunek, Drobil atd.). Volen\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 h\u00e1j\u00ed z\u00e1jmy sv\u00e9 strany proti sv\u00fdm voli\u010d\u016fm, a\u010dkoli by jejich povinnost\u00ed m\u011bl b\u00fdt prav\u00fd opak. Stranick\u00e1 zv\u016fle odrad\u00ed ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b i t\u011bch n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo z\u00e1stupc\u016f lidu, aby svou profesi d\u011blali dob\u0159e. Ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b toti\u017e neprob\u00edh\u00e1 diskuse, kter\u00e1 by hledala \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm diskuse a argument\u016f, ale pimprlov\u00e9 divad\u00e9lko v re\u017eii zpupn\u00fdch stranick\u00fdch boss\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 vypadat jako demokratick\u00e1 diskuse, ale ve skute\u010dnosti je podvodem. S hr\u016fzou v o\u010d\u00edch mluv\u00ed poslanci i minist\u0159i o \u201adivok\u00e9m hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed\u2018<\/em>, tedy o tom, \u017ee by se n\u011bkdy rozhodovalo opravdu demokraticky.<\/p>\n

Polo\u017e\u00edme-li si ot\u00e1zku, co je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem na\u0161eho \u00fastavn\u00edho po\u0159\u00e1dku, nen\u00ed to zp\u016fsob volby presidenta, ale zv\u016fle politick\u00fdch stran. Ned\u016fstojnost posledn\u00ed volby presidenta nezp\u016fsobila n\u011bjak\u00e1 chyba v na\u0161\u00ed \u00dastav\u011b, ale vystupov\u00e1n\u00ed stranick\u00fdch boss\u016f. Slu\u0161n\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed a cit pro demokracii ale nelze uz\u00e1konit. Proto zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e1 zm\u011bna \u00dastavy nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159in\u00e9st zlep\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Za\u010dnu-li uva\u017eovat o p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b \u00fastavy a m\u00e1-li tato zm\u011bna p\u0159in\u00e9st p\u0159\u00edmou volbu presidenta, pak je to ide\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost jak omezit hlavn\u00ed chybu na\u0161\u00ed \u00fastavy \u2013 zv\u016fli politick\u00fdch stran. Pos\u00edlen\u00fd a na stran\u00e1ch nez\u00e1visl\u00fd mand\u00e1t presidenta mus\u00ed znamenat nikoli oslaben\u00ed, ale pos\u00edlen\u00ed jeho funkce. Prvn\u00edm po\u017eadavkem ve\u0159ejnosti je d\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edmo volen\u00e9mu presidentovi pr\u00e1vo kdykoli bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu rozpustit poslaneckou sn\u011bmovnu a vyhl\u00e1sit volby. Zda je to posta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pro vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed syt\u00e9mu, to je ur\u010dit\u011b hodno diskuse. Sp\u00ed\u0161 bych se klonil k tomu, \u017ee to je minimum, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost po\u017eadovat. Doplnil bych plnohodnotn\u00e9 zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tu navenek \u2013 tedy zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politiku a obranu. Sporn\u00e9 je pojet\u00ed obrany zem\u011b, kde nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1lky vede obranu zem\u011b premi\u00e9r nebo president. St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed model kontrasignace m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt fat\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky, pokud se ti dva neshodnou. P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 a rozumn\u00e9 poslat \u010desk\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky br\u00e1nit Brno nebo Bud\u011bjovice a \u017ee oba vrcholn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 moci maj\u00ed opa\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1zor. Neshodnou-li se, nebude \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 obrana, rozd\u011blit s\u00edly jako kompromisn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee znamenat, \u017ee se prohraje na obou front\u00e1ch. Stejn\u011b tak by m\u011bl p\u0159\u00edmo volen\u00fd president rozhodovat v zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politice.<\/p>\n

Ov\u0161em to jsou zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 se politick\u00fdm stran\u00e1m nezamlouvaj\u00ed. Dovedete si p\u0159edstavit, jak bude vypadat v\u00fdsledn\u00fd paskvil, kdy\u017e jej stvo\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice? Jak\u00e9 kompromisy p\u0159i tom zaprod\u00e1 za jin\u00fd benefit od sv\u00fdch koali\u010dn\u00edch partner\u016f?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

18.11.2011 Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed strany uva\u017euj\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b \u00dastavy. \u00dastava jist\u011b nen\u00ed nedotknuteln\u00fdm dokumentem, ale up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, nezd\u00e1 se mi, \u017ee by strany vl\u00e1dn\u00ed koalice z hlediska intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edch kapacit, politick\u00e9 invence a… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,13,16],"tags":[6,18],"class_list":["post-206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","category-dompol","category-svobodni","tag-dompol","tag-svobodi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=206"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":739,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/206\/revisions\/739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}