{"id":1604,"date":"2018-03-19T10:27:56","date_gmt":"2018-03-19T09:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=1604"},"modified":"2018-03-19T12:14:01","modified_gmt":"2018-03-19T11:14:01","slug":"rusko-neni-pritel-ani-spojenec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/rusko-neni-pritel-ani-spojenec\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusko nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtel ani spojenec"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rusk\u00e9 divadlo, kter\u00e9 vykazuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 podobnosti s\u00a0demokratick\u00fdmi volbami, je ve skute\u010dnosti jen inaugura\u010dn\u00edm nebo chcete-li korunova\u010dn\u00edm ritu\u00e1lem.\u00a0 Smyslem nen\u00ed umo\u017enit pokojn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zm\u011bnu v mocensk\u00fdch pozic\u00edch, sp\u00ed\u0161e jde o utu\u017een\u00ed poslu\u0161nosti ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podstatou demokracie nen\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed kon\u00e1n\u00ed voleb \u010di existence psan\u00e9 \u00fastavy. Podstatou je f\u00e9rov\u00e1 sout\u011b\u017e podle pravidel. Nejenom t\u011bch psan\u00fdch, mnoh\u00e9 v\u011bci nep\u0159edepisuje z\u00e1kon, k\u00a0demokracii pat\u0159\u00ed slu\u0161nost. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee se pravidla nesm\u00ed tvo\u0159it podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch situac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech jsme v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee se Rusko m\u016f\u017ee vyv\u00edjet sm\u011brem k\u00a0demokracii. Skute\u010dn\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany sice nem\u011bly v\u011bt\u0161inu, ale dalo se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee se \u010dasem demokratick\u00e1 sout\u011b\u017e prosad\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed u\u017e takov\u00e1 nad\u011bje nen\u00ed ani na obzoru.<\/p>\n

\"Na

Na obou stran\u00e1ch m\u00e1me jin\u00e9 akt\u00e9ry, podstata je stejn\u00e1<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n

Situace se zm\u011bnila. V\u00a0Rusku jsou pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni politikov\u00e9, novin\u00e1\u0159i, um\u011blci. Nez\u0159\u00eddka jde o roky ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, nejednou jde i o \u017eivot. \u0160pioni jsou likvidov\u00e1ni i v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 instituce upev\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 sm\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed jsou v\u00a0Rusku ocejchov\u00e1ny jako zahrani\u010dn\u00ed agenti. Svoboda slova je omezen\u00e1 a politick\u00e1 reprezentace uplat\u0148uje masivn\u00ed vliv na m\u00e9dia, tak\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b proto nelze mluvit o f\u00e9rov\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ei politick\u00fdch sil a o skute\u010dn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Propagandistick\u00e9 z\u00e1sady a politick\u00e1 kontrola m\u00e9di\u00ed jsou doprov\u00e1zeny desinforma\u010dn\u00edmi aktivitami v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Nejde jenom o fale\u0161n\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i o aktivn\u00ed ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di rozvracen\u00ed politick\u00fdch stran. \u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed pat\u0159ilo k\u00a0n\u00e1stroj\u016fm komunistick\u00e9 ideologie odprad\u00e1vna. Evropsk\u00e1 unie v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed podob\u011b je pro Rusko v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 a je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00e1jmem Ruska je politick\u00e1 nestabilita v\u00a0Unii. K\u00a0tomu sm\u011b\u0159uje rusk\u00e1 propaganda.<\/p>\n

Anexe Krymu je vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm projevem nedostatku mor\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1sad, z\u00e1sad slu\u0161n\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi st\u00e1ty. Jist\u011b tomu napomohla i zoufale \u0161patn\u00e1 politika Evropsk\u00e9 unie \u2013 nejen v\u016f\u010di Rusku, ale p\u0159ed t\u00edm v\u00a0b\u00fdval\u00e9 Jugosl\u00e1vii, p\u0159i osamostatn\u011bn\u00ed Kosova, v\u00a0Libyi \u010di v\u00a0S\u00fdrii.<\/p>\n

Vypr\u00e1v\u00ed se, \u017ee kdy\u017e v \u010dervnu v\u00a0roce 1991 skon\u010dila RVHP, p\u0159i\u0161li hned pot\u00e9 ru\u0161t\u00ed diplomat\u00e9 za ministrem financ\u00ed V\u00e1clavem Klausem a navrhovali zah\u00e1jen\u00ed nov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce, pr\u00fd by nyn\u00ed mohla p\u0159ij\u00edt dru\u017eba. V\u00e1clav Klaus jim odpov\u011bd\u011bl: \u201eTo je pr\u00e1v\u011b ten rozd\u00edl, my s\u00a0v\u00e1mi nechceme d\u011blat dru\u017ebu, my s v\u00e1mi chceme d\u011blat byznys.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00a0Zat\u00edmco ve svobodn\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b hospod\u00e1\u0159skou spolupr\u00e1ci neorganizuj\u00ed ani vl\u00e1dy ani presidenti, v\u00a0autoritativn\u00edch re\u017eimech je spolupr\u00e1ce ideologicky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1. Aby se dob\u0159e spolupracovalo, mus\u00ed se prezidenti co nej\u010dast\u011bji l\u00edbat. Dru\u017eba, neboli ideologicky podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce, se nezakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na principech f\u00e9rov\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee a v\u00fdhodnosti pro ob\u011b strany, je v\u00fdsledkem politick\u00e9ho rozhodnut\u00ed a \u010dasto se stane, \u017ee ekonomicky v\u016fbec ned\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl. Demokratick\u00e1 politika m\u016f\u017ee a m\u00e1 vytvo\u0159it dobr\u00e9 a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, ale nesm\u00ed do n\u011bj zasahovat. Je potupn\u00e9, kdy\u017e politik asistuje konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm podnikatelsk\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m (nen\u00ed-li to dokonce st\u0159et z\u00e1jm\u016f). U n\u00e1s nap\u0159\u00edklad jedn\u00e1 prezident jm\u00e9nem sv\u00fdch sp\u0159\u00e1telen\u00fdch firem, na kter\u00e9 uplat\u0148uj\u00ed vliv hradn\u00ed komorn\u00edci. To je nejsp\u00ed\u0161 jedn\u00e1 motivace pro dru\u017ebu iniciovanou z\u00a0nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed exekutivn\u00ed funkce. Svobodn\u00e9 a skute\u010dn\u011b podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed firmy prezidentsk\u00e9 polibky nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b se p\u0159i byznysu mus\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00a0autoritativn\u00ed zemi m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0ud\u00e1lostem, kter\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci ze dne na den ukon\u010d\u00ed. To je riziko, kter\u00e9 nelze sn\u00ed\u017eit ani prezidentsk\u00fdmi polibky.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed politikov\u00e9 omlouvaj\u00ed nedemokratick\u00e9 pom\u011bry tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee rusk\u00e1 demokracie je jin\u00e1 ne\u017e evropsk\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u0159\u00edzenou demokracii. Ale v\u00a0tom je pr\u00e1v\u011b ten probl\u00e9m. V\u00a0norm\u00e1ln\u00ed demokracii jsou politikov\u00e9 odpov\u011bdn\u00ed ob\u010dan\u016fm, v\u00a0autoritativn\u00edch st\u00e1tech jsou ob\u010dan\u00e9 odpov\u011bdn\u00ed dikt\u00e1tor\u016fm. \u0158\u00edzen\u00e1 demokracie, chce-li to n\u011bkdo tak naz\u00fdvat, znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fd re\u017eim. Ideologie je nad\u0159azen\u00e1 ekonomick\u00fdm z\u00e1jm\u016fm, zm\u011bny nast\u00e1vaj\u00ed bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto jsou vztahy s\u00a0takov\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi v\u017edycky riskantn\u00ed. Nev\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee Rusov\u00e9 by si nep\u0159\u00e1li svobodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pom\u011bry. Usuzuji sice z\u00a0nepatrn\u00e9ho vzorku, ale m\u00e1me zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed totality. Ale cesta k\u00a0demokracii je pro n\u011b zat\u00edm v\u00a0nedohlednu. Lze se sice ut\u011b\u0161ovat, \u017ee po Putinovi nastoup\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd osv\u00edcen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed panovn\u00edk, ale se stejnou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ij\u00edt dikt\u00e1tor mnohem hor\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0rizik\u016fm je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipo\u010d\u00edst pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fd pokles cen ropy v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se n\u00e1razov\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed elektromobilita. Negativn\u00ed dopad, dost mo\u017en\u00e1 velmi destruktivn\u00ed, se dotkne nejenom Ruska, ale i dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a exportu ropy. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee jedn\u00edm z\u00a0d\u016fsledk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mnohem siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed vlna, ne\u017e jakou jsme za\u017eili v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech.<\/p>\n

Proto je v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu nejenom Rus\u016f, aby se Rusko vydalo na cestu k\u00a0demokracii, je to i v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu na\u0161em a je to v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu civilizovan\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. V\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti je podpora demokracie v\u00a0Rusku t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159edstaviteln\u00e1. Rusko promarnilo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost vybudovat d\u016fv\u011bru ve vztaz\u00edch se Z\u00e1padem po p\u00e1du komunismu. Jak kdysi \u0159ekl \u010cernomyrdin: \u201eCht\u011bli jsme to ud\u011blat co nejl\u00e9pe, ale dopadlo to jako obvykle.\u201c<\/p>\n

Je nezbytn\u00e9, aby se z\u00e1sadn\u011b zlep\u0161ila diskuse o politice Z\u00e1padu v\u016f\u010di Rusku. Jen\u017ee z\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed strany prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed dru\u017eby m\u00edsto byznysu f\u00e9rov\u00e9 diskusi v\u016fbec nepom\u00e1h\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusk\u00e9 divadlo, kter\u00e9 vykazuje n\u011bkter\u00e9 podobnosti s\u00a0demokratick\u00fdmi volbami, je ve skute\u010dnosti jen inaugura\u010dn\u00edm nebo chcete-li korunova\u010dn\u00edm ritu\u00e1lem.\u00a0 Smyslem nen\u00ed umo\u017enit pokojn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zm\u011bnu v mocensk\u00fdch pozic\u00edch, sp\u00ed\u0161e jde o utu\u017een\u00ed… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1604"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1610,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1604\/revisions\/1610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}