{"id":1599,"date":"2018-01-24T09:17:19","date_gmt":"2018-01-24T08:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=1599"},"modified":"2018-01-24T09:17:19","modified_gmt":"2018-01-24T08:17:19","slug":"referendum-revolver-za-dvermi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/referendum-revolver-za-dvermi\/","title":{"rendered":"Referendum &#8211; revolver za dve\u0159mi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\">24.1.2018<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Referendum je na po\u0159adu dne, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed na n\u011bm dokonce fundamentalisticky trvaj\u00ed. Ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b op\u011bt le\u017e\u00ed jeden takov\u00fd n\u00e1vrh. Radik\u00e1ln\u00ed politikov\u00e9 si od referenda slibuj\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed politiky naruby. M\u00e9dia tomu nerozum\u00ed navzdory \u0161t\u00e1b\u016fm analytick\u00fdch a datov\u00fdch poradc\u016f, tak\u017ee neum\u00ed ani formulovat ot\u00e1zky. Politikov\u00e9 i \u017eurnalist\u00e9 se odvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed na \u0161v\u00fdcarskou p\u0159\u00edmou demokracii, ale zat\u00edm nikoho nenapadlo p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst si \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd volebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon. M\u00e1lokdo si dal pr\u00e1ci, aby zjistil, \u017ee referendum je nejkonzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed politick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd br\u00e1n\u00ed prosazen\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoli zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku bylo pod n\u00e1zvem \u201aveto\u2018 uz\u00e1kon\u011bno referendum v\u00a0kantonu Saint Gall v\u00a0roce 1831, do roku 1848 se p\u0159idalo n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch kanton\u016f a postupn\u011b se pak p\u0159id\u00e1valy i zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pro\u010d se naz\u00fdvalo \u201aveto\u2018? P\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 demokracie nenahrazuje zastupitelskou, je dopl\u0148kem zastupitelsk\u00e9 demokracie. M\u00e1 pos\u00edlit vliv ob\u010dan\u016f na politick\u00e9 d\u011bn\u00ed. Je obranou proti sv\u00e9voln\u00e9mu parlamentu. Wodrow Wilson kdysi ozna\u010dil veto ob\u010dan\u016f proti rozhodnut\u00ed parlamentu za \u201arevolver za dve\u0159mi\u2018. Kdy\u017e poslanci nenaslouchaj\u00ed voli\u010d\u016fm a schv\u00e1l\u00ed z\u00e1kon, se kter\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u00e9 nesouhlas\u00ed, uskute\u010dn\u00ed se na z\u00e1klad\u011b petice lidov\u00e9 hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1kon potvrdit anebo zam\u00edtnout. Za pozornost stoj\u00ed, \u017ee \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd parlament je zvolen, aby rozhodoval. Jestli to neum\u00ed, tak se m\u00e1 rozpustit. Nem\u016f\u017ee prohl\u00e1sit: \u201eMy se boj\u00edme \u010di styd\u00edme rozhodnout, a\u0165 rozhodnou lid\u00e9 m\u00edsto n\u00e1s.\u201c Referendum je a\u017e opravn\u00fd prost\u0159edek proti nedemokratick\u00e9mu rozhodnut\u00ed parlamentu.\u00a0 Tak\u00e9 by se dalo \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku se jedn\u00e1 o potvrzovac\u00ed \u010di ratifika\u010dn\u00ed referendum. A kdy\u017e rozhodnou ob\u010dan\u00e9 jinak ne\u017e parlament, je nam\u00edst\u011b uva\u017eovat o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch \u2013 parlament nen\u00ed demokratick\u00fdm z\u00e1stupcem ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u011bkdy je ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku referendum povinn\u00e9 \u2013 obligatorn\u00ed. Zm\u011bny \u00fastavy odhlasuje parlament a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy odsouhlaseny je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0referendu. Krom\u011b toho takzvan\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 iniciativa na z\u00e1klad\u011b petice m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edlo\u017eit vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona. To se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neosv\u011bd\u010dilo, za posledn\u00edch pades\u00e1t let m\u011bli ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku 150 iniciativ, ale pro\u0161lo jich jenom 9. Dokonce aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u00fa\u010dinnost, zavedli takzvan\u00e9 \u201advojit\u00e9 ano\u2018. Ke ka\u017ed\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 iniciativ\u011b (iniciativa je sice lidov\u00e1, ale n\u00e1vrhy p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed profeso\u0159i pr\u00e1va) mus\u00ed povinn\u011b parlament projednat a schv\u00e1lit vlastn\u00ed protin\u00e1vrh (ne ka\u017ed\u00fd profesor nap\u00ed\u0161e bezchybn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona). V\u00a0referendu se pak hlasuje o obou n\u00e1vrz\u00edch, a aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee n\u011bco projde, m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd hlasovat i pro oba n\u00e1vrhy z\u00e1rove\u0148.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pod\u00edvejme se na p\u0159edlohu z\u00e1kona, kter\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b.<br \/>\nUmo\u017e\u0148uje hlasovat o \u010demkoli, na co se d\u00e1 odpov\u011bd\u011bt ano \u010di ne. \u0160v\u00fdca\u0159i d\u00e1vno pochopili, \u017ee to je cesta do pekel. Existuj\u00ed tis\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak n\u011bco ud\u011blat. Nap\u0159ed se rozhodne a pak se bude vym\u00fd\u0161let, o \u010dem jsme hlasovali? Co kdy\u017e se rozhodnut\u00ed d\u00e1 uskute\u010dnit tis\u00edci zp\u016fsoby? Proto se nesm\u00ed hlasovat o ot\u00e1zce, ale v\u017edy jen o p\u0159edloze zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 st\u00e1t se z\u00e1konem. A aby byl n\u00e1vrh zp\u016fsobil\u00fd, mus\u00ed jej p\u0159ed t\u00edm projednat parlament. Hlasovat se sm\u00ed jen o n\u00e1vrhu z\u00e1kona schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho parlamentem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo splete dohromady potvrzovac\u00ed referendum s\u00a0lidovou iniciativou, vyjde z\u00a0toho sl\u00e1tanina, kter\u00e1 si nedok\u00e1\u017ee poradit s\u00a0t\u00edm, jak p\u0159edem posoudit, zda bude hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0souladu s \u00fastavou a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi z\u00e1vazky, jakou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed v\u00e1hu m\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed (stane se snad odhlasovan\u00e9 ANO \u00fastavn\u00edm z\u00e1konem?).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sn\u011bmovn\u00ed p\u0159edloha tak\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed v\u00a0referendu je z\u00e1vazn\u00e9. Pro koho? Jak? Podle \u00dastavy povinnosti lze ukl\u00e1dat jedin\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm z\u00e1kona nebo na z\u00e1klad\u011b zmocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0z\u00e1kon\u011b. \u00dastava zakazuje poslanc\u016fm a sen\u00e1tor\u016fm p\u0159ij\u00edmat jak\u00e9koli pokyny k\u00a0hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ani referendum jim nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ik\u00e1zat, jak maj\u00ed hlasovat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Chyb by se v\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu na\u0161la je\u0161t\u011b spousta, n\u00e1vrh, o kter\u00fd tak \u0161\u00edlen\u011b n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed bojuj\u00ed, je legislativn\u00ed zmetek. Auto\u0159i se ani na okam\u017eik nepokusili vyu\u017e\u00edt \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a to, co n\u00e1m p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed, by bylo ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku zak\u00e1z\u00e1no \u00fastavou. M\u00edsto, aby p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 demokracie pomohla pos\u00edlit odpov\u011bdnost z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016f v\u016f\u010di ob\u010dan\u016fm, p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 se n\u00e1m n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd sleduje jedin\u00fd c\u00edl: rozvr\u00e1tit pr\u00e1vn\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dek v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nenechte se nap\u00e1lit, \u0161mejdi v\u00e1m nab\u00edzej\u00ed fale\u0161n\u00fd produkt a zaplatili bychom v\u0161ichni p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysokou cenu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"690\" height=\"518\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gWAOx9cCpwg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>24.1.2018 Referendum je na po\u0159adu dne, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed na n\u011bm dokonce fundamentalisticky trvaj\u00ed. Ve Sn\u011bmovn\u011b op\u011bt le\u017e\u00ed jeden takov\u00fd n\u00e1vrh. Radik\u00e1ln\u00ed politikov\u00e9 si od referenda slibuj\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159evr\u00e1cen\u00ed politiky naruby. M\u00e9dia&#8230; <a class=\"read-more-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/referendum-revolver-za-dvermi\/\">\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce &gt;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1599"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1600,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1599\/revisions\/1600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}