{"id":1203,"date":"2015-06-29T16:31:24","date_gmt":"2015-06-29T15:31:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=1203"},"modified":"2015-06-29T16:41:32","modified_gmt":"2015-06-29T15:41:32","slug":"invence-misto-kompilace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/invence-misto-kompilace\/","title":{"rendered":"Invence m\u00edsto kompilace"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\u0161kolstv\u00ed\"<\/a>

Unifikace p\u0159ece nen\u00ed c\u00edlem (zdroj: internet)<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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29.6.2015<\/span><\/p>\n

Od dob, kdy dne\u0161n\u00ed generace nav\u0161t\u011bvovala \u0161koly, do\u0161lo k podstatn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. P\u0159ed dvaceti lety jsme \u017eili v prost\u0159ed\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9m nedostatkem informac\u00ed, nyn\u00ed \u017eijeme v prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde nab\u00eddka informac\u00ed p\u0159evy\u0161uje popt\u00e1vku.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b prvn\u00ed stupe\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed bude v\u017edy zahrnovat pot\u0159ebu memorov\u00e1n\u00ed a procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, podobn\u011b jako v\u00fduka jazyk\u016f. S t\u00edm nechci polemizovat. To by n\u00e1m v\u0161ak nem\u011blo zast\u00ednit pochopen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9ho rozd\u00edlu. Zm\u011bnil se c\u00edl, na kter\u00fd m\u00e1 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161e je dnes mo\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt na internetu. Zat\u00edmco kdysi bylo \u00fakolem vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed vybavit studenta z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi informacemi a z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi n\u00e1vyky, jak a kde dal\u0161\u00ed informace vyhled\u00e1vat, dne\u0161n\u00ed doba vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pot\u0159ebu jin\u00fdch n\u00e1vyk\u016f. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 poskytnout metody a n\u00e1vyky, jak odd\u011blit d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace od ned\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch, jak ned\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace (\u0161um, reklamu, balast, nepodlo\u017een\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed) odstranit a jak s\u00a0d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi informacemi pracovat, jak je uspo\u0159\u00e1dat a jak z\u00a0nich vyvozovat nov\u00e9, p\u016fvodn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bry. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed by tak\u00e9 m\u011blo zahrnovat n\u00e1vyk eticky hodnotit informace a hodnotit jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed a nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s nimi. Nepravdiv\u00e1 nebo nepodlo\u017een\u00e1 informace se li\u0161\u00ed od pravdiv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v\u011b etick\u00fdm p\u0159edznamen\u00e1n\u00edm. Zat\u00edmco nedostatkov\u00e9 informa\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed vy\u017eadovalo memorov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159ebytkov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed vy\u017eaduje interpretaci. Zat\u00edmco v\u00a0nedostatkov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 pracovat s\u00a0cel\u00fdm kolektivem a po\u017eadovat po v\u0161ech stejn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, v\u00a0p\u0159ebytkov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed je mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kreativita, samostatnost, schopnost t\u00fdmov\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce. T\u00fdmov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce vy\u017eaduje odpov\u011bdnost za vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek, i za cel\u00fd t\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

To vy\u017eaduje\u00a0individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup i hodnocen\u00ed. C\u00edlem nen\u00ed unifikovat znalosti, ale vytv\u00e1\u0159et prostor pro individu\u00e1ln\u00ed\u00a0r\u016fst. Hodnocen\u00ed by se m\u011blo vztahovat k\u00a0tomu, nakolik student vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sv\u00e9 schopnosti. Student by m\u011bl m\u00edt mo\u017enost \u0159\u00edkat a ps\u00e1t, co s\u00e1m uzn\u00e1 za vhodn\u00e9, ale m\u011bl by um\u011bt sv\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed podlo\u017eit fakty a argumenty. Nesta\u010d\u00ed m\u00edt informace, nesta\u010d\u00ed dosadit \u010d\u00edsla do nau\u010den\u00e9ho postupu \u010di vzorce, v\u00a0konkuren\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 up\u0159ednost\u0148ovat invenci p\u0159ed kompilac\u00ed. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee nepom\u016f\u017ee revolu\u010dn\u00ed reforma, \u017ee bude nutn\u00e9 dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Abychom se k\u00a0tomuto c\u00edli p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eili, nem\u011bl by tomu v\u00a0prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b st\u00e1t (ministerstvo) br\u00e1nit p\u0159\u00edli\u0161nou regulac\u00ed. St\u00e1t by m\u011bl zcela upustit od pokus\u016f unifikovat vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Unifikace nevede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011bru, ale demotivuje ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed, tak\u017ee pr\u016fm\u011br z\u00e1konit\u011b kles\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9 by m\u011bli m\u00edt rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prostor od po\u010d\u00e1tku ovliv\u0148ovat sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a podobu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, budou-li cht\u00edt. Studenti, kte\u0159\u00ed se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed plnoletosti, by si u\u017e m\u011bli z\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti sami hledat a utv\u00e1\u0159et cestu. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by k\u00a0tomu bylo vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, aby cel\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1t po ob\u010danech po\u017eaduje, bylo poskytov\u00e1no v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 instituci. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b pokud \u017e\u00e1k nebo student p\u0159estoup\u00ed na \u0161kolu, kter\u00e1 poskytuje nadstandardn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed oproti z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu povinn\u00e9mu, nebo pokud vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1 v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed nebo vlastn\u00edm studiem, m\u011blo by takov\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edt stejnou platnost. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b a jen v\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u00e1 smysl, aby existovaly zkou\u0161ky, kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f a umo\u017en\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed certifik\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1n na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed instituci.<\/p>\n

Kdysi se mne jeden diplomat ptal, pro\u010d jsme po roce 1989 nezavedli syst\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9. Socialistick\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed bylo \u0161patn\u00e9, vnucovalo ka\u017ed\u00e9mu m\u00edsto skute\u010dn\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed marxistick\u00e9 pou\u010dky. Ale ti, kter\u00fdm tehdy bylo t\u0159icet, nebyli odepsanou generac\u00ed. Uplynulo \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed, ale na t\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti se mnoho nezm\u011bnilo. Vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed generace, kter\u00e9 se musely nau\u010dit, co nikdy nevyu\u017eij\u00ed, a kter\u00e9 nedostaly vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblastech, kde by ho pot\u0159ebovaly. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161kola je ve\u0159ejn\u00fdm prostorem a mohla by hr\u00e1t d\u016fle\u017eitou roli i p\u0159i dodate\u010dn\u00e9m dobrovoln\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00fdch. Um\u00ed-li st\u00e1t vy\u010dlenit prost\u0159edky na vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a student\u016f, m\u011bl by v\u00a0p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e vytvo\u0159it prost\u0159ed\u00ed nejen pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky t\u0159et\u00edho v\u011bku, ale i druh\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Nevol\u00e1m po administrativn\u00edch \u0161kolsk\u00fdch reform\u00e1ch, proto\u017ee v\u00edm, \u017ee zejm\u00e9na ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed v\u017edy vedou administrativn\u00ed zm\u011bny ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed. Zato bych si p\u0159\u00e1l, aby vznikl prostor pro p\u0159irozen\u00fd r\u016fst, kter\u00fd p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed tomu, co opravdu pot\u0159ebujeme.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

29.6.2015 Od dob, kdy dne\u0161n\u00ed generace nav\u0161t\u011bvovala \u0161koly, do\u0161lo k podstatn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m. P\u0159ed dvaceti lety jsme \u017eili v prost\u0159ed\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9m nedostatkem informac\u00ed, nyn\u00ed \u017eijeme v prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde nab\u00eddka informac\u00ed p\u0159evy\u0161uje… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,13,16],"tags":[6,25,18],"class_list":["post-1203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","category-dompol","category-svobodni","tag-dompol","tag-skolstvi-a-vzdelavani","tag-svobodi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1203"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1209,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1203\/revisions\/1209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}