{"id":1073,"date":"2015-06-08T00:21:30","date_gmt":"2015-06-07T23:21:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=1073"},"modified":"2015-06-08T00:21:30","modified_gmt":"2015-06-07T23:21:30","slug":"ustava-ma-pravdu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/ustava-ma-pravdu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dastava m\u00e1 pravdu"},"content":{"rendered":"

11.1.1998<\/span><\/p>\n

Na prvn\u00ed pohled se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee se n\u00e1m zadrhnul \u00fastavn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Jakoby \u00dastava nepo\u010d\u00edtala s takovouto situac\u00ed, jako bychom si nev\u011bd\u011bli rady v r\u00e1mci \u00fastavn\u00edch pravidel. Jakoby \u00dastava politik\u016fm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eela. A tak poku\u0161itel\u00e9 navrhuj\u00ed \u00dastavu p\u0159ist\u0159ihnout podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situace.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to pravda, \u017ee \u00dastav\u011b n\u011bco chyb\u00ed. \u00dastava s takovouto situac\u00ed po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1. Stanov\u00ed velmi p\u0159esn\u011b, \u017ee politick\u00e9 strany se mus\u00ed pokusit t\u0159ikr\u00e1t o sestaven\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 chytra\u010den\u00ed. Spojen\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry se z\u00e1konem je ur\u010deno pro zcela jin\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ne\u017e je tato. Troj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o sestaven\u00ed vl\u00e1dy je povinnost\u00ed presidenta a politick\u00fdch stran.<\/p>\n

V postkomunistick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nep\u0159ekvapuje politick\u00e1 nevyzr\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 se projevuje neschopnost\u00ed rozhodnout a n\u00e9st odpov\u011bdnost. Proto\u017ee president u\u017e nechce d\u00e1l jednat s politiky (nebo snad s jedn\u00edm politikem?) \u010di politikov\u00e9 s presidentem, a\u0165 rozhodne n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, a\u0165 rozhodnou volby (jindy zase referendum).<\/p>\n

Co je na na\u0161\u00ed situaci nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed? Za prv\u00e9 bylo nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed Havla v\u016f\u010di p\u0159edchoz\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b. President a vl\u00e1da dohromady p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdkonnou moc.<\/p>\n

Za druh\u00e9 je nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed pokus o sestaven\u00ed nepolitick\u00e9 men\u0161inov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00e1 si chce chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed podporu koupit slibem p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch voleb. Je nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee takov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da by mohla dostat d\u016fv\u011bru.<\/p>\n

Nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed je jmenovat takto nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed vl\u00e1du a potom plakat nad t\u00edm, \u017ee vl\u00e1da, kter\u00e1 se zrodila z tajnosnubn\u00e9ho spojen\u00ed presidenta Havla a pana Luxe, m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u011bkolikam\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed mand\u00e1t. Takov\u00e1 je logika parlamentn\u00ed demokracie.<\/p>\n

Na omluvu je t\u0159eba p\u0159iznat, \u017ee To\u0161ovsk\u00e9ho vl\u00e1da je prvn\u00edm pokusem. \u00dastava p\u0159edv\u00edd\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b druh\u00fd pokus, kter\u00fd by musel vypadat podstatn\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u011bji. Jakkoliv se presidentovi nechce jednat s V\u00e1clavem Klausem, p\u0159i druh\u00e9m pokusu o vl\u00e1du by jednat musel.<\/p>\n

Ov\u0161em \u00dastava pamatuje i na p\u0159\u00edpad nesouladu mezi v\u011bt\u0161inou v poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b a presidentem, kter\u00fd je z \u00dastavy neodpov\u011bdn\u00fd. Proto t\u0159et\u00ed pokus o sestaven\u00ed vl\u00e1dy mus\u00ed u\u010dinit p\u0159edseda sn\u011bmovny. To nen\u00ed nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed, to je dob\u0159e promy\u0161len\u00fd mechanismus. Je pochopiteln\u00e9, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu p\u0159edsedovi sn\u011bmovny Zemanovi se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nechce tuto pro n\u011bj nep\u0159\u00edjemnou povinnost spojenou s jeho funkc\u00ed p\u0159ijmout a proto navrhuje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00ed z\u00e1kon o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9mem navrhovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny \u00dastavy je, \u017ee p\u0159ist\u0159i\u017een\u00ed \u00dastavy podle nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed situace povede k nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00dastav\u011b.<\/p>\n

Havel, zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zdr\u017eenliv\u00fd v\u016f\u010di zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmu \u00fastavn\u00edmu z\u00e1konu, pozd\u011bji podpo\u0159il zm\u011bnu \u00dastavy nejsp\u00ed\u0161 v domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee t\u00edm pos\u00edl\u00ed sv\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, nebo\u0165 se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed rejst\u0159\u00edk pravomoc\u00ed presidenta. To by ale byl omyl.<\/p>\n

President Havel \u010dasto tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee strany maj\u00ed u n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd vliv. Odm\u00edtneme-li vizi nepolitick\u00e9 politiky, m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ipustit, \u017ee z\u010d\u00e1sti to je pravda. Nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm org\u00e1nem nen\u00ed parlament, ale rozhoduj\u00ed v\u0161elijak\u00e9 „p\u011btky“, „trojky“, „dev\u00edtky“, „t\u0159in\u00e1ctky“ (co\u017e zcela navazuje na nejhor\u0161\u00ed prvorepublikov\u00e9 tradice). Dokonce m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dohoda politick\u00fdch stran n\u011bkdy i nad prost\u00fdm rozumem.<\/p>\n

Pokud by byl p\u0159ijat n\u00e1vrh na zm\u011bnu \u00dastavy, \u017ee na z\u00e1klad\u011b dohody politick\u00fdch stran m\u016f\u017ee parlament po\u017e\u00e1dat presidenta o rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, bude voli\u010d vyd\u00e1n napospas politick\u00fdm stran\u00e1m. Kdykoli si to politick\u00e9 strany usmysl\u00ed, sejde se n\u011bjak\u00e1 „sedmi\u010dka“, prohl\u00e1s\u00ed, \u017ee dohoda nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 a po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 volby.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161e \u00dastava v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduje troj\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o vl\u00e1d\u011b, i kdyby to bylo politik\u016fm proti v\u016fli. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 perspektiva vl\u00e1d\u011b bere chu\u0165 k jak\u00e9koli dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koncep\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci a k odpov\u011bdnosti. V\u00edme, jak p\u016fl roku p\u0159ed volbami se v\u017edy zastav\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce ve prosp\u011bch zem\u011b.<\/p>\n

Proto: \u00dastava m\u00e1 pravdu! Je nutn\u00e9 se v\u00e1\u017en\u011b pokusit o sjedn\u00e1n\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed dohody o podpo\u0159e vl\u00e1d\u011b d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se za\u010dne uva\u017eovat o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch volb\u00e1ch. V\u011brohodn\u011b a se v\u0161emi partnery, nen\u00ed to toti\u017e jen divadlo.<\/p>\n

Pokud \u00dastava politik\u016fm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, je to norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. Je to jej\u00ed posl\u00e1n\u00ed. Nenorm\u00e1ln\u00ed je, kdy\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed politikov\u00e9, pro kter\u00e9 je nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 p\u0159ijmout odpov\u011bdnost z \u00dastavy vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed, cht\u011bj\u00ed rad\u011bji \u00dastavu m\u011bnit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

11.1.1998 Na prvn\u00ed pohled se m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee se n\u00e1m zadrhnul \u00fastavn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Jakoby \u00dastava nepo\u010d\u00edtala s takovouto situac\u00ed, jako bychom si nev\u011bd\u011bli rady v r\u00e1mci \u00fastavn\u00edch pravidel. Jakoby \u00dastava… \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1074,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073\/revisions\/1074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}