{"id":1010,"date":"2015-06-07T23:17:17","date_gmt":"2015-06-07T22:17:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/?p=1010"},"modified":"2015-06-07T23:17:17","modified_gmt":"2015-06-07T22:17:17","slug":"navrh-koncepce-uzemne-spravniho-usporadani-cr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/navrh-koncepce-uzemne-spravniho-usporadani-cr\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1vrh koncepce \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cR"},"content":{"rendered":"

18.2.1992<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh\u00a0koncepce \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republiky<\/span><\/strong>
\n(z\u00e1kladn\u00ed teze)
\n<\/span>zpracovali poslanci \u010cNR\u00a0Ji\u0159\u00ed Payne, Hana Marvanov\u00e1, Anna R\u00f6schov\u00e1\u00a0a poradce Petr Krej\u010d\u00ed\u00a0<\/span>
\nprojednal a odsouhlasil klub ODS v \u010cNR dne 18. \u00fanora 1992\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I. D\u016fvody nal\u00e9havosti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h6>\n

1) Dosavadn\u00ed legislativn\u00ed kroky v oblasti reformy st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy (z\u00e1kon o obc\u00edch a z\u00e1kon o okresn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159adech) jasn\u011b ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee nebyly p\u0159ipraveny v souvislosti s celkovou koncepc\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy a samospr\u00e1vy a \u017ee vedou k syst\u00e9mu z ministerstva ne\u0159iditeln\u00e9mu, nav\u00edc bez dostate\u010dn\u00fdch zp\u011btn\u00fdch kontroln\u00edch vazeb finan\u010dn\u00edch i spr\u00e1vn\u00edch. Zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee rozkol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edho apar\u00e1tu m\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky a \u017ee pokud se mu chceme vyhnout, je t\u0159eba alespo\u0148 dvou let k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 zm\u011bny a jej\u00edho zaveden\u00ed k ur\u010dit\u00e9mu datu.<\/p>\n

Zru\u0161en\u00ed i pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vy na \u00farovni okresu a kraje, kterou garantoval i z\u00e1kon o n\u00e1rodn\u00edch v\u00fdborech, a zaveden\u00ed okresu jako \u010dist\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00ed instituce, je nutno pova\u017eovat za neuv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd krok, kter\u00fd mimo jin\u00e9 nutn\u011b musel v\u00e9st k region\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm typu moravsk\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n

2) V r\u00e1mci \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vytvo\u0159it vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fazemn\u00ed celky nad obcemi, proto\u017ee nap\u0159. v oblasti dopravy, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, zdravotnictv\u00ed, kultury, \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 sv\u011b\u0159it rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bmto v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm \u00fazemn\u00edm celk\u016fm. (To mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed politick\u00e9 stabilit\u011b cel\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.)<\/p>\n

Rozhoduje-li se na co nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni, je to pro ob\u010dana dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, jinak by problematiku musel \u0159e\u0161it org\u00e1n st\u00e1tu. Vedle rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t ve vymezen\u00e9m rozsahu p\u0159en\u00e9st na tyto \u00fazemn\u00ed celky i v\u00fdkon st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy.)<\/p>\n

3) Zaveden\u00ed zemsk\u00e9ho z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee zem\u011b ve sv\u00fdch historick\u00fdch hranic\u00edch jsou tak velik\u00fdmi celky, \u017ee by je bylo t\u0159eba d\u00e1le \u00fazemn\u011b \u010dlenit. O z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zem\u00ed se z\u00e1konod\u00e1rn\u00fdmi pravomocemi by bylo mo\u017eno uva\u017eovat v r\u00e1mci nov\u00e9ho st\u00e1topr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cSFR.<\/p>\n

II. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska<\/h6>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou je, na jak\u00fdch \u00fazemn\u00edch celc\u00edch je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 a uskute\u010dniteln\u00e1 samospr\u00e1va. Nepochybujeme o spr\u00e1vnosti zaveden\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy v obc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch obecn\u00fdch princip\u016f lze pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b odvodit \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho stupn\u011b samospr\u00e1vy:<\/p>\n

1) Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fazemn\u00ed obvody mus\u00ed respektovat zem\u011bpisn\u00e1, demografick\u00e1, dopravn\u00ed, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1, kulturn\u00ed i historick\u00e1 hlediska tak, aby tyto \u00fazemn\u00ed celky spl\u0148ovaly pokud mo\u017eno co nejv\u00edce t\u011bchto hledisek, tedy aby byly homogenn\u00ed a p\u0159irozen\u00e9.<\/p>\n

2) Na v\u0161ech stupn\u00edch, na nich\u017e existuje pot\u0159eba rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti, budovat jako protiv\u00e1hu st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy p\u0159\u00edmo volenou samospr\u00e1vu. Organizace st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy i samospr\u00e1vy mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat hledisku \u0159iditelnosti.<\/p>\n

3) St\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu s ohledem na tradici budovat jako trojinstan\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i rozd\u011blen\u00ed kompetenc\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b (instance) vych\u00e1zet z principu subsidiarity (tj. kompetence jsou sv\u011b\u0159eny nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edmu stupni, na n\u011bm\u017e je \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 je vykon\u00e1vat).<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011bry:<\/p>\n

nutno zohlednit kontroln\u00ed a sista\u010dn\u00ed pravomoci
\nnutno n\u00e1sledn\u011b zajistit da\u0148ovou reformu (\u010dasov\u011b i v\u011bcn\u011b navazuj\u00edc\u00ed) a finan\u010dn\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi obcemi
\nnepova\u017eujeme za spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 provizorn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, zm\u011bny chceme prov\u00e1d\u011bt v postupn\u00fdch kroc\u00edch na z\u00e1klad\u011b koncepce<\/p>\n

III. N\u00e1vrh \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h6>\n

1) Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm stupn\u011bm samospr\u00e1vy je obec.<\/p>\n

2) Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm stupn\u011bm samospr\u00e1vy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kraj (oblast, region).<\/p>\n

3) Na \u00farovni okresu lze uva\u017eovat o z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy, pokud se zjist\u00ed, \u017ee je na t\u00e9to \u00farovni pot\u0159eba rozhodovat v samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti.<\/p>\n

4) St\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1va se m\u016f\u017ee pom\u011brn\u011b snadno p\u0159izp\u016fsobit stup\u0148\u016fm samospr\u00e1vy, pokud t\u00edm nebude ohro\u017eeno jej\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

5) St\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1va by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vykon\u00e1v\u00e1na na t\u011bchto \u00farovn\u00edch: obec, okres (b\u00fdval\u00fd soudn\u00ed okres), kraj, pokud mo\u017eno tak, aby byla pro ob\u010dany co nejdostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

IV. N\u00e1vrh postupu<\/h6>\n

1) Uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed uveden\u00e9 koncepce \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformy, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po volb\u00e1ch v roce 1992 za\u010dne jej\u00ed legislativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edprava, je mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st k term\u00ednu kon\u00e1n\u00ed komun\u00e1ln\u00edch voleb v roce 1994, p\u0159i nich\u017e by se volilo do v\u0161ech stup\u0148\u016f samospr\u00e1vn\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f (viz t\u00e9\u017e bod IV. usnesen\u00ed \u010cNR \u010d. 150\/1991). Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipravit a schv\u00e1lit s dostate\u010dnou legisvakanc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

2) Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed postupn\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010dtu pov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch obecn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f lze podpo\u0159it. N\u00e1sledn\u011b mohou b\u00fdt okresn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady a pov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 obecn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady postaveny na stejnou \u00farove\u0148 z hlediska st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy. V\u00fdsledkem budou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b okresy v hranic\u00edch b\u00fdval\u00fdch soudn\u00edch okres\u016f.<\/p>\n

3) Do doby nov\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cR lze \u0159e\u0161it aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159ebu z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00fazemn\u00edch celk\u016f (region\u016f, euroregion\u016f) vytvo\u0159en\u00edm z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho r\u00e1mce pro spont\u00e1nn\u00ed sdru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed obc\u00ed ve svazky, v nich\u017e by obce mohly delegovat \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 samostatn\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti na „kraj“.<\/p>\n

4) Atypick\u00fdm moravsk\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm na zemsk\u00e9 z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed lze vyj\u00edt vst\u0159\u00edc umo\u017en\u011bn\u00edm fakultativn\u00edch krajsk\u00fdch (region\u00e1ln\u00edch) svaz\u016f.<\/p>\n

5) Zaveden\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho stupn\u011b samospr\u00e1vy p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u00fastavn\u00ed zakotven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V. Stanovisko k n\u00e1vrhu referenda o obnoven\u00ed zem\u00ed<\/h6>\n

1) Nesta\u010d\u00ed formulovat ot\u00e1zku pro referendum. Nejd\u0159\u00edve je t\u0159eba p\u0159edlo\u017eit koncepci \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a z n\u00ed vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zku. Ot\u00e1zky mohou b\u00fdt i variantn\u00ed. (Mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 proto je nutn\u00e9, aby ODS m\u011bla ve v\u011bci koncepce \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed jasn\u00e9 stanovisko.)<\/p>\n

2) Polo\u017een\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed koncep\u010dn\u011b po\u017eadavek na do\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cR. Sp\u00ed\u0161e se jedn\u00e1 o probl\u00e9m st\u00e1topr\u00e1vn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

3) \u010cNR si vy\u017e\u00e1dala sociologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd byl na z\u00e1klad\u011b podrobn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek proveden v dubnu 1991. Je tedy sporn\u00e9, zda je nutn\u00e9 nyn\u00ed iniciovat referendum v t\u00e9to v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

4) Nutno do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho t\u00fddne zpracovat rozbor zku\u0161enost\u00ed s fungov\u00e1n\u00edm zemsk\u00e9ho z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 podob\u011b existovalo pouze od roku 1927-1939 a od r. 1945-1949. (Zpracuje P. Krej\u010d\u00ed.)<\/p>\n

5) V n\u00e1vrhu nen\u00ed vyjasn\u011bn pojem „samospr\u00e1vn\u00e1 zem\u011b“, jej\u00ed postaven\u00ed, pravomoci aj.<\/p>\n

VI. N\u00e1rys stanoviska k n\u011bkter\u00fdm n\u00e1vrh\u016fm vl\u00e1dy \u010cR<\/h6>\n

1) Novely obecn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, z\u00e1kona o hl. m. Praze, z\u00e1kona o statut\u00e1rn\u00edch m\u011bstech a z\u00e1kona o okresn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159adech je mo\u017eno po podrobn\u00e9m rozboru a na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech i podstatn\u00fdch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch p\u0159ijmout. Novela obecn\u00edho z\u00e1kona se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt nezbytnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

2) Z\u00e1kon o zemsk\u00e9 samospr\u00e1v\u011b nem\u00e1 \u00fastavn\u00ed oporu, nen\u00ed nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00fd do konce volebn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, a je proto mo\u017en\u00e9 jej odlo\u017eit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

18.2.1992 N\u00e1vrh\u00a0koncepce \u00fazemn\u011b-spr\u00e1vn\u00edho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republiky (z\u00e1kladn\u00ed teze) zpracovali poslanci \u010cNR\u00a0Ji\u0159\u00ed Payne, Hana Marvanov\u00e1, Anna R\u00f6schov\u00e1\u00a0a poradce Petr Krej\u010d\u00ed\u00a0 projednal a odsouhlasil klub ODS v \u010cNR dne 18. \u00fanora 1992\u00a0 I…. \u010c\u00edst v\u00edce ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1010"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1011,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1010\/revisions\/1011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.payne.cz\/WP15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}